Max mode

ABSTRACT

A smartpad is provided that has various display modes.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation-in-part and claims the benefits ofand priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/247,581, filed Sep.28, 2011, which claims the benefits of and priority, under 35 U.S.C.§119(e), to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. Nos. 61/389,000, filedOct. 1, 2010, entitled “DUAL DISPLAY WINDOWING SYSTEM;” 61/389,117,filed Oct. 1, 2010, entitled “MULTI-OPERATING SYSTEM PORTABLE DOCKETINGDEVICE;” 61/389,087, filed Oct. 1, 2010, entitled “TABLET COMPUTING USERINTERFACE;”61/458,150, filed Nov. 17, 2010, entitled “DUAL SCREEN EMAILCLIENT;” and 61/539,884, filed Sep. 27, 2011, entitled “MOBILE DEVICE.”Each of the aforementioned documents is incorporated herein by thisreference in their entirety for all that they teach and for allpurposes.

BACKGROUND

A substantial number of handheld computing devices, such as cellularphones, tablets, and E-Readers, make use of a touch screen display notonly to deliver display information to the user but also to receiveinputs from user interface commands. While touch screen displays mayincrease the configurability of the handheld device and provide a widevariety of user interface options, this flexibility typically comes at aprice. The dual use of the touch screen to provide content and receiveuser commands, while flexible for the user, may obfuscate the displayand cause visual clutter, thereby leading to user frustration and lossof productivity.

The small form factor of handheld computing devices requires a carefulbalancing between the displayed graphics and the area provided forreceiving inputs. On the one hand, the small display constrains thedisplay space, which may increase the difficulty of interpreting actionsor results. On the other, a virtual keypad or other user interfacescheme is superimposed on or positioned adjacent to an executingapplication, requiring the application to be squeezed into an evensmaller portion of the display.

This balancing act is particularly difficult for single display touchscreen devices. Single display touch screen devices are crippled bytheir limited screen space. When users are entering information into thedevice, through the single display, the ability to interpret informationin the display can be severely hampered, particularly when a complexinteraction between display and interface is required.

SUMMARY

There is a need for a dual multi-display handheld computing device thatprovides for enhanced power and/or versatility compared to conventionalsingle display handheld computing devices. These and other needs areaddressed by the various aspects, embodiments, and/or configurations ofthe present disclosure. Also, while the disclosure is presented in termsof exemplary embodiments, it should be appreciated that individualaspects of the disclosure can be separately claimed.

In one embodiment, a communication device or smart pad is provided thatincludes:

a microprocessor;

a memory operable to store software; and

a screen comprising a display and a gesture capture area;

wherein the screen is configured to operate in at least the followingmodes:

a portrait single application mode, wherein the screen is in a portraitorientation and only one application is currently providing a maximizedview, in portrait, for the display;

a portrait multi-application mode, wherein the screen is in a portraitorientation and a plurality of applications are currently providing amaximized view, in landscape, for the display;

a landscape single application mode, wherein the screen is in alandscape orientation and only one application is currently providing amaximized view, in landscape, for the display; and

a landscape multi-application mode, wherein the screen is in a portraitorientation and a plurality of applications are currently providing amaximized view, in portrait, for the display.

In portrait or landscape single application mode, a single-display ormulti-display application can be capable of providing a max view. In maxview, canvas-based content fills substantially the entire display, andnon-canvas display elements are hidden. In portrait or landscape dualapplication mode, the single-display or multi-display application isgenerally not capable of providing a max view.

The following rules can be applied by the smartpad:

when the screen is in the portrait or landscape single application mode,a launched application launches in max mode;

when an application is in max mode, the application provides a max viewto substantially the entire display regardless of whether theapplication was maximized or minimized immediately prior to entering themax mode; and

when an application exits the max mode, the view of the application ismaximized.

When the screen is in portrait or landscape dual application mode, asystem-wide seam extends across the display to separate the display intofirst and second logical displays, the first logical display being for afirst view of a first application and the second logical display beingfor a second view of a second application. The first and second logicaldisplays are logically independent of one another and, when the screenis in portrait or landscape single application mode, the display is freeof a seam.

A selected application is in focus when a user switches from one of theportrait and landscape single application modes to the portrait andlandscape multi-application modes. A view of the selected application isdisplayed both before and after the switch.

In one configuration, a parent view has first and second child views,the first and second child views being selected from links in the parentview, the display comprises first and second logical displays, theparent view is displayed in the first logical display, the first andsecond child views are displayed simultaneously in the second logicaldisplay, and, an order in which the first and second child views areopened is used to determine which of the first and second child views ismoved to the first logical display when the parent view is closed orminimized.

In one configuration, a view displayed by the display comprises anaction bar comprising plural action bar commands, each command having acorresponding icon and label. The action bar comprises a primary andsecondary row, the secondary row, but not the primary row, being hiddenheader when the primary row is collapsed and revealed when the primaryrow is expanded.

First and second action bars for first and second applications aregenerally revealed when the screen is in portrait or landscape dualapplication mode.

In one configuration, a settings screen launched from within anapplication is treated as a full-screen modal launched on top of theapplication.

The present disclosure can provide a number of advantages depending onthe particular aspect, embodiment, and/or configuration.

For example, the smartpad could provide additional display area toassist a user with viewing content on the device.

Additionally, power sharing and management functions are available dueto, for example, the larger size of the smartpad that could be used forpower storage.

Furthermore, the smartpad allows functions of a communications device tobe extended to a tablet-like platform and/or form factor.

Even further, the disclosure provides techniques directed towardtranslating or otherwise converting content for a multi-display deviceinto content for a single screen device.

Moreover, the smartpad provides additional input areas adapted toreceive input beyond that of the touchscreen.

Additional advantages are directed toward managing the display of one ormore windows associated with one or more applications on a multi-displaydevice on a single display device.

Further advantages are directed toward emulation of multi-displaycontent on a single screen device.

These and other advantages will be apparent from the disclosure.

The phrases “at least one”, “one or more”, and “and/or” are open-endedexpressions that are both conjunctive and disjunctive in operation. Forexample, each of the expressions “at least one of A, B and C”, “at leastone of A, B, or C”, “one or more of A, B, and C”, “one or more of A, B,or C” and “A, B, and/or C” means A alone, B alone, C alone, A and Btogether, A and C together, B and C together, or A, B and C together.

The term “a” or “an” entity refers to one or more of that entity. Assuch, the terms “a” (or “an”), “one or more” and “at least one” can beused interchangeably herein. It is also to be noted that the terms“comprising”, “including”, and “having” can be used interchangeably.

The term “automatic” and variations thereof, as used herein, refers toany process or operation done without material human input when theprocess or operation is performed. However, a process or operation canbe automatic, even though performance of the process or operation usesmaterial or immaterial human input, if the input is received beforeperformance of the process or operation. Human input is deemed to bematerial if such input influences how the process or operation will beperformed. Human input that consents to the performance of the processor operation is not deemed to be “material”.

The term “composite display” refers to a logical structure that definesa display that can encompass one or more screens. A multi-screencomposite display is a display that encompasses all the screens. Asingle-screen composite display has different displays on a commonscreen. The composite display can have different display characteristicsbased on the various orientations of the device.

The term “computer-readable medium” as used herein refers to anytangible storage and/or transmission medium that participate inproviding instructions to a processor for execution. Such a medium maytake many forms, including but not limited to, non-volatile media,volatile media, and transmission media. Non-volatile media includes, forexample, NVRAM, or magnetic or optical disks. Volatile media includesdynamic memory, such as main memory. Common forms of computer-readablemedia include, for example, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, hard disk,magnetic tape, or any other magnetic medium, magneto-optical medium, aCD-ROM, any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, any otherphysical medium with patterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM, and EPROM, aFLASH-EPROM, a solid state medium like a memory card, any other memorychip or cartridge, a carrier wave as described hereinafter, or any othermedium from which a computer can read. A digital file attachment toe-mail or other self-contained information archive or set of archives isconsidered a distribution medium equivalent to a tangible storagemedium. When the computer-readable media is configured as a database, itis to be understood that the database may be any type of database, suchas relational, hierarchical, object-oriented, and/or the like.Accordingly, the disclosure is considered to include a tangible storagemedium or distribution medium and prior art-recognized equivalents andsuccessor media, in which the software implementations of the presentdisclosure are stored.

The term “composite display” refers to a logical structure that definesa display that can encompass one or more screens. A multi-screencomposite display is a display that encompasses all the screens. Asingle-screen composite display has different displays on a commonscreen. The composite display can have different display characteristicsbased on the various orientations of the device.

The term “desktop” refers to a metaphor used to portray systems. Adesktop is generally considered a “surface” that typically includespictures, called icons, widgets, folders, etc. that can activate showapplications, windows, cabinets, files, folders, documents, and othergraphical items. The icons are generally selectable to initiate a taskthrough user interface interaction to allow a user to executeapplications or conduct other operations.

The terms “determine”, “calculate” and “compute,” and variationsthereof, as used herein, are used interchangeably and include any typeof methodology, process, mathematical operation or technique.

The term “display” refers to one or more portions of one or more screensused to display the output of a computer to a user. A display may referto all or part of a screen. In one configuration, the display is asingle-display screen or a multi-display screen. A single physicalscreen can include multiple displays that are managed as separatelogical displays. Thus, different content can be displayed on theseparate displays although part of the same physical screen. In anotherconfiguration, the display occupies a single screen or spans multiplescreens, referred to as a composite display. A composite display canencompass the touch sensitive displays of one or more screens.

The term “displayed image” refers to an image produced on the display. Atypical displayed image is a window or desktop. The displayed image mayoccupy all or a portion of the display.

The term “display orientation” refers to the way in which a rectangulardisplay is oriented by a user for viewing. The two most common types ofdisplay orientation are portrait and landscape. In landscape mode, thedisplay is oriented such that the width of the display is greater thanthe height of the display (such as a 4:3 ratio, which is 4 units wideand 3 units tall, or a 16:9 ratio, which is 16 units wide and 9 unitstall). Stated differently, the longer dimension of the display isoriented substantially horizontal in landscape mode while the shorterdimension of the display is oriented substantially vertical. In theportrait mode, by contrast, the display is oriented such that the widthof the display is less than the height of the display. Stateddifferently, the shorter dimension of the display is orientedsubstantially horizontal in the portrait mode while the longer dimensionof the display is oriented substantially vertical.

The term “gesture” refers to a user action that expresses an intendedidea, action, meaning, result, and/or outcome. The user action caninclude manipulating a device (e.g., opening or closing a device,changing a device orientation, moving a trackball or wheel, etc.),movement of a body part in relation to the device, movement of animplement or tool in relation to the device, audio inputs, etc. Agesture may be made on a device (such as on the screen) or with thedevice to interact with the device.

The term “gesture capture” refers to a sense or otherwise a detection ofan instance and/or type of user gesture. The gesture capture can occurin one or more areas of the screen, A gesture region can be on thedisplay, where it may be referred to as a touch sensitive display or offthe display where it may be referred to as a gesture capture area. Theterm “means” shall be given its broadest possible interpretation inaccordance with 35 U.S.C., Section 112, Paragraph 6. Accordingly, aclaim incorporating the term “means” shall cover all structures,materials, or acts set forth herein, and all of the equivalents thereof.Further, the structures, materials or acts and the equivalents thereofshall include all those described in the summary of the disclosure,brief description of the drawings, detailed description, abstract, andclaims themselves.

The term “module” as used herein refers to any known or later developedhardware, software, firmware, artificial intelligence, fuzzy logic, orcombination of hardware and software that is capable of performing thefunctionality associated with that element.

A “multi-screen application” refers to an application that is capable ofmultiple modes. The multi-screen application mode can include, but isnot limited to, a single screen mode (where the application is displayedon a single screen) or a composite display mode (where the applicationis displayed on two or more screens). A multi-screen application canhave different layouts optimized for the mode. Thus, the multi-screenapplication can have different layouts for a single screen or for acomposite display that can encompass two or more screens. The differentlayouts may have different screen/display dimensions and/orconfigurations on which the user interfaces of the multi-screenapplications can be rendered. The different layouts allow theapplication to optimize the application's user interface for the type ofdisplay, e.g., single screen or multiple screens. In single screen mode,the multi-screen application may present one window pane of information.In a composite display mode, the multi-screen application may presentmultiple window panes of information or may provide a larger and aricher presentation because there is more space for the displaycontents. The multi-screen applications may be designed to adaptdynamically to changes in the device and the mode depending on whichdisplay (single or composite) the system assigns to the multi-screenapplication. In alternative embodiments, the user can use a gesture torequest the application transition to a different mode, and, if adisplay is available for the requested mode, the device can allow theapplication to move to that display and transition modes.

A “multi-display application” refers to an application that is capableof multiple modes. The multi-display application mode can include, butis not limited to, a single display mode (where the application isdisplayed on a single display) or a composite display mode (where theapplication is displayed on two or more displays). A multi-displayapplication can have different layouts optimized for the mode. Thus, themulti-display application can have different layouts for a singledisplay or for a composite display that can encompass two or moredisplays. The different layouts may have different screen/displaydimensions and/or configurations on which the user interfaces of themulti-display applications can be rendered. The different layouts allowthe application to optimize the application's user interface for thetype of display, e.g., single screen or multiple screens. In singledisplay mode, the multi-display application may present one window paneof information. In a composite display mode, the multi-displayapplication may present multiple window panes of information or mayprovide a larger and a richer presentation because there is more spacefor the display contents. The multi-display applications may be designedto adapt dynamically to changes in the device and the mode depending onwhich display (single or composite) the system assigns to themulti-display application. In alternative embodiments, the user can usea gesture to request the application transition to a different mode,and, if a display is available for the requested mode, the device canallow the application to move to that display and transition modes.

The term “screen,” “touch screen,” or “touchscreen” refers to a physicalstructure that includes one or more hardware components that provide thedevice with the ability to render a user interface and/or receive userinput. A screen can encompass any combination of gesture capture region,a touch sensitive display, and/or a configurable area. The device canhave one or more physical screens embedded in the hardware. However ascreen may also include an external peripheral device that may beattached and detached from the device. In embodiments, multiple externaldevices may be attached to the device. Thus, in embodiments, the screencan enable the user to interact with the device by touching areas on thescreen and provides information to a user through a display. The touchscreen may sense user contact in a number of different ways, such as bya change in an electrical parameter (e.g., resistance or capacitance),acoustic wave variations, infrared radiation proximity detection, lightvariation detection, and the like. In a resistive touch screen, forexample, normally separated conductive and resistive metallic layers inthe screen pass an electrical current. When a user touches the screen,the two layers make contact in the contacted location, whereby a changein electrical field is noted and the coordinates of the contactedlocation calculated. In a capacitive touch screen, a capacitive layerstores electrical charge, which is discharged to the user upon contactwith the touch screen, causing a decrease in the charge of thecapacitive layer. The decrease is measured, and the contacted locationcoordinates determined. In a surface acoustic wave touch screen, anacoustic wave is transmitted through the screen, and the acoustic waveis disturbed by user contact. A receiving transducer detects the usercontact instance and determines the contacted location coordinates.

A “single-screen application” refers to an application that is capableof single screen mode. Thus, the single-screen application can produceonly one window and may not be capable of different modes or differentdisplay dimensions. A single-screen application may not be capable ofthe several modes discussed with the multi-screen application.

A “single-display application” refers to an application that is capableof single display mode. Thus, the single-display application can produceonly one window and may not be capable of different modes or differentdisplay dimensions. A single-display application may not be capable ofthe several modes discussed with the multi-display application.

The term “window” refers to a, typically rectangular, displayed image onat least part of a display that contains or provides content differentfrom the rest of the screen. The window may obscure the desktop.

The preceding is a simplified summary of the disclosure to provide anunderstanding of some aspects of the disclosure. This summary is neitheran extensive nor exhaustive overview of the disclosure and its variousaspects, embodiments, and/or configurations. It is intended neither toidentify key or critical elements of the disclosure nor to delineate thescope of the disclosure but to present selected concepts of thedisclosure in a simplified form as an introduction to the more detaileddescription presented below. As will be appreciated, other aspects,embodiments, and/or configurations of the disclosure are possibleutilizing, alone or in combination, one or more of the features setforth above or described in detail below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A includes a first view of an embodiment of a multi-screen userdevice;

FIG. 1B includes a second view of an embodiment of a multi-screen userdevice;

FIG. 1C includes a third view of an embodiment of a multi-screen userdevice;

FIG. 1D includes a fourth view of an embodiment of a multi-screen userdevice;

FIG. 1E includes a fifth view of an embodiment of a multi-screen userdevice;

FIG. 1F includes a sixth view of an embodiment of a multi-screen userdevice;

FIG. 1G includes a seventh view of an embodiment of a multi-screen userdevice;

FIG. 1H includes a eighth view of an embodiment of a multi-screen userdevice;

FIG. 1I includes a ninth view of an embodiment of a multi-screen userdevice;

FIG. 1J includes a tenth view of an embodiment of a multi-screen userdevice;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the hardware of thedevice;

FIG. 3A is a block diagram of an embodiment of the state model for thedevice based on the device's orientation and/or configuration;

FIG. 3B is a table of an embodiment of the state model for the devicebased on the device's orientation and/or configuration;

FIG. 4A is a first representation of an embodiment of user gesturereceived at a device;

FIG. 4B is a second representation of an embodiment of user gesturereceived at a device;

FIG. 4C is a third representation of an embodiment of user gesturereceived at a device;

FIG. 4D is a fourth representation of an embodiment of user gesturereceived at a device;

FIG. 4E is a fifth representation of an embodiment of user gesturereceived at a device;

FIG. 4F is a sixth representation of an embodiment of user gesturereceived at a device;

FIG. 4G is a seventh representation of an embodiment of user gesturereceived at a device;

FIG. 4H is a eighth representation of an embodiment of user gesturereceived at a device;

FIG. 5A is a block diagram of an embodiment of the device softwareand/or firmware;

FIG. 5B is a second block diagram of an embodiment of the devicesoftware and/or firmware;

FIG. 6A is a first representation of an embodiment of a deviceconfiguration generated in response to the device state;

FIG. 6B is a second representation of an embodiment of a deviceconfiguration generated in response to the device state;

FIG. 6C is a third representation of an embodiment of a deviceconfiguration generated in response to the device state;

FIG. 6D is a fourth representation of an embodiment of a deviceconfiguration generated in response to the device state;

FIG. 6E is a fifth representation of an embodiment of a deviceconfiguration generated in response to the device state;

FIG. 6F is a sixth representation of an embodiment of a deviceconfiguration generated in response to the device state;

FIG. 6G is a seventh representation of an embodiment of a deviceconfiguration generated in response to the device state;

FIG. 6H is a eighth representation of an embodiment of a deviceconfiguration generated in response to the device state;

FIG. 6I is a ninth representation of an embodiment of a deviceconfiguration generated in response to the device state;

FIG. 6J is a tenth representation of an embodiment of a deviceconfiguration generated in response to the device state;

FIG. 7A is representation of a logical window stack;

FIG. 7B is another representation of an embodiment of a logical windowstack;

FIG. 7C is another representation of an embodiment of a logical windowstack;

FIG. 7D is another representation of an embodiment of a logical windowstack;

FIG. 7E is another representation of an embodiment of a logical windowstack;

FIG. 8 is block diagram of an embodiment of a logical data structure fora window stack;

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for creating awindow stack;

FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary smartpad (SP).

FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary method of associating the smartpad withthe device.

FIG. 12 illustrates a docked device with the smartpad.

FIGS. 13A-13B illustrate an exemplary method for screen orientation.

FIG. 14 illustrates a method for displaying an application when the SPis in a landscape mode.

FIG. 15 illustrates a method for displaying an application when the SPis in a portrait mode.

FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a dual screen application in portraitmax mode.

FIG. 17 illustrates an example of a dual screen application in max modelandscape.

FIG. 18 illustrates an example of keyboard management on the SP.

FIG. 19 illustrates an example of keyboard management on the SP with anapplication area in max mode.

FIG. 20 illustrates another example of keyboard management for the SP inlandscape mode.

FIG. 21 illustrates an example of a dual screen application running in adual screen emulation mode on the SP with a virtual keyboard.

FIG. 22 illustrates an example of application window stack management onthe SP.

FIG. 23 illustrates another example of application window stackmanagement on the SP.

FIG. 24 illustrates an example of multi application mode of the SP,wherein in the multi application mode the SP emulates the device in itsmini-tablet form.

FIG. 25 illustrates another example of multi application mode of the SP.

FIG. 26 illustrates another example of multi application mode of the SP.

FIG. 27 illustrates another example of multi application mode of the SP.

FIG. 28 illustrates a method for managing screen display.

FIG. 29 illustrates an exemplary method for managing screen display withthe desktop.

FIG. 30 illustrates an exemplary method of managing screen display witha keyboard.

FIGS. 31A and 31B illustrate desktop management on the SP.

FIGS. 32A and 32 B illustrate exemplary methods for desktop panelmanagement.

FIG. 33 illustrates exemplary notification management on the SP.

FIGS. 34A and 34B illustrate exemplary techniques for applicationmanagement.

FIGS. 35A and 35B illustrate an exemplary method for providing desktoppreviews or hints.

FIG. 36 illustrates an exemplary carousel application window stack.

FIG. 37 illustrates an exemplary carousel application window stack witha virtual keyboard.

FIG. 38 illustrates an exemplary method for associating the device andthe SP.

FIG. 39 illustrates an exemplary method for application reorientationbased on SP orientation.

FIG. 40 illustrates an exemplary method for managing the keyboard on theSP.

FIG. 41 illustrates an exemplary method for window manipulation based onone or more gestures.

FIG. 42 illustrates an exemplary method for application highlightingwhen an application is in focus in multi application mode.

FIG. 43 illustrates an exemplary method for application maximization.

FIG. 44 illustrates an exemplary method for transitioning from anapplication window to the desktop.

FIG. 45 illustrates an exemplary method for managing the display of thedesktop and/or one or more panels on the SP.

FIG. 46 illustrates an exemplary method for merging panels for displayon the SP.

FIG. 47 illustrates an exemplary method for previewing one or morepanels on the SP.

FIG. 48 illustrates an exemplary method for stack management in multiapplication mode.

FIG. 49 depicts a hierarchical relationship according to embodiment.

FIG. 50 illustrates a display according to an embodiment.

FIG. 51 illustrates a display according to an embodiment.

FIG. 52 illustrates a display according to an embodiment.

FIG. 53 illustrates a display according to an embodiment.

FIG. 54 illustrates a display according to an embodiment.

FIGS. 55A-F depict various displays according to an embodiment.

FIGS. 56A-T depict various displays according to an embodiment.

FIGS. 57A-E depict various displays according to an embodiment.

FIGS. 58A-C depict various displays according to an embodiment.

FIGS. 59A-F depict various displays according to an embodiment.

FIG. 60 illustrates an exemplary method for selecting a displayconfiguration.

In the appended figures, similar components and/or features may have thesame reference label. Further, various components of the same type maybe distinguished by following the reference label by a letter thatdistinguishes among the similar components. If only the first referencelabel is used in the specification, the description is applicable to anyone of the similar components having the same first reference labelirrespective of the second reference label.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Presented herein are embodiments of a device. The device can be acommunications device, such as a cellular telephone, or other smartdevice. The device can include two screens that are oriented to provideseveral unique display configurations. Further, the device can receiveuser input in unique ways. The overall design and functionality of thedevice provides for an enhanced user experience making the device moreuseful and more efficient.

Mechanical Features:

FIGS. 1A-1J illustrate a device 100 in accordance with embodiments ofthe present disclosure. As described in greater detail below, device 100can be positioned in a number of different ways each of which providesdifferent functionality to a user. The device 100 is a multi-screendevice that includes a primary screen 104 and a secondary screen 108,both of which are touch sensitive. In embodiments, the entire frontsurface of screens 104 and 108 may be touch sensitive and capable ofreceiving input by a user touching the front surface of the screens 104and 108. Primary screen 104 includes touch sensitive display 110, which,in addition to being touch sensitive, also displays information to auser. Secondary screen 108 includes touch sensitive display 114, whichalso displays information to a user. In other embodiments, screens 104and 108 may include more than one display area.

Primary screen 104 also includes a configurable area 112 that has beenconfigured for specific inputs when the user touches portions of theconfigurable area 112. Secondary screen 108 also includes a configurablearea 116 that has been configured for specific inputs. Areas 112 a and116 a have been configured to receive a “back” input indicating that auser would like to view information previously displayed. Areas 112 band 116 b have been configured to receive a “menu” input indicating thatthe user would like to view options from a menu. Areas 112 c and 116 chave been configured to receive a “home” input indicating that the userwould like to view information associated with a “home” view. In otherembodiments, areas 112 a-c and 116 a-c may be configured, in addition tothe configurations described above, for other types of specific inputsincluding controlling features of device 100, some non-limiting examplesincluding adjusting overall system power, adjusting the volume,adjusting the brightness, adjusting the vibration, selecting ofdisplayed items (on either of screen 104 or 108), operating a camera,operating a microphone, and initiating/terminating of telephone calls.Also, in some embodiments, areas 112 a-C and 116 a-C may be configuredfor specific inputs depending upon the application running on device 100and/or information displayed on touch sensitive displays 110 and/or 114.

In addition to touch sensing, primary screen 104 and secondary screen108 may also include areas that receive input from a user withoutrequiring the user to touch the display area of the screen. For example,primary screen 104 includes gesture capture area 120, and secondaryscreen 108 includes gesture capture area 124. These areas are able toreceive input by recognizing gestures made by a user without the needfor the user to actually touch the surface of the display area. Incomparison to touch sensitive displays 110 and 114, the gesture captureareas 120 and 124 are commonly not capable of rendering a displayedimage.

The two screens 104 and 108 are connected together with a hinge 128,shown clearly in FIG. 1C (illustrating a back view of device 100). Hinge128, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1A-1J, is a center hinge thatconnects screens 104 and 108 so that when the hinge is closed, screens104 and 108 are juxtaposed (i.e., side-by-side) as shown in FIG. 1B(illustrating a front view of device 100). Hinge 128 can be opened toposition the two screens 104 and 108 in different relative positions toeach other. As described in greater detail below, the device 100 mayhave different functionalities depending on the relative positions ofscreens 104 and 108.

FIG. 1D illustrates the right side of device 100. As shown in FIG. 1D,secondary screen 108 also includes a card slot 132 and a port 136 on itsside. Card slot 132 in embodiments, accommodates different types ofcards including a subscriber identity module (SIM). Port 136 inembodiments is an input/output port (I/O port) that allows device 100 tobe connected to other peripheral devices, such as a display, keyboard,or printing device. As can be appreciated, these are merely someexamples and in other embodiments device 100 may include other slots andports such as slots and ports for accommodating additional memorydevices and/or for connecting other peripheral devices. Also shown inFIG. 1D is an audio jack 140 that accommodates a tip, ring, sleeve (TRS)connector for example to allow a user to utilize headphones or aheadset.

Device 100 also includes a number of buttons 158. For example, FIG. 1Eillustrates the left side of device 100. As shown in FIG. 1E, the sideof primary screen 104 includes three buttons 144, 148, and 152, whichcan be configured for specific inputs. For example, buttons 144, 148,and 152 may be configured to, in combination or alone, control a numberof aspects of device 100. Some non-limiting examples include overallsystem power, volume, brightness, vibration, selection of displayeditems (on either of screen 104 or 108), a camera, a microphone, andinitiation/termination of telephone calls. In some embodiments, insteadof separate buttons two buttons may be combined into a rocker button.This arrangement is useful in situations where the buttons areconfigured to control features such as volume or brightness. In additionto buttons 144, 148, and 152, device 100 also includes a button 156,shown in FIG. 1F, which illustrates the top of device 100. In oneembodiment, button 156 is configured as an on/off button used to controloverall system power to device 100. In other embodiments, button 156 isconfigured to, in addition to or in lieu of controlling system power,control other aspects of device 100. In some embodiments, one or more ofthe buttons 144, 148, 152, and 156 are capable of supporting differentuser commands. By way of example, a normal press has a duration commonlyof less than about 1 second and resembles a quick tap. A medium presshas a duration commonly of 1 second or more but less than about 12seconds. A long press has a duration commonly of about 12 seconds ormore. The function of the buttons is normally specific to theapplication that is currently in focus on the respective display 110 and114. In a telephone application for instance and depending on theparticular button, a normal, medium, or long press can mean end call,increase in call volume, decrease in call volume, and toggle microphonemute. In a camera or video application for instance and depending on theparticular button, a normal, medium, or long press can mean increasezoom, decrease zoom, and take photograph or record video.

There are also a number of hardware components within device 100. Asillustrated in FIG. 1C, device 100 includes a speaker 160 and amicrophone 164. Device 100 also includes a camera 168 (FIG. 1B).Additionally, device 100 includes two position sensors 172A and 172B,which are used to determine the relative positions of screens 104 and108. In one embodiment, position sensors 172A and 172B are Hall effectsensors. However, in other embodiments other sensors can be used inaddition to or in lieu of the Hall effect sensors. An accelerometer 176may also be included as part of device 100 to determine the orientationof the device 100 and/or the orientation of screens 104 and 108.Additional internal hardware components that may be included in device100 are described below with respect to FIG. 2.

The overall design of device 100 allows it to provide additionalfunctionality not available in other communication devices. Some of thefunctionality is based on the various positions and orientations thatdevice 100 can have. As shown in FIGS. 1B-1G, device 100 can be operatedin an “open” position where screens 104 and 108 are juxtaposed. Thisposition allows a large display area for displaying information to auser. When position sensors 172A and 172B determine that device 100 isin the open position, they can generate a signal that can be used totrigger different events such as displaying information on both screens104 and 108. Additional events may be triggered if accelerometer 176determines that device 100 is in a portrait position (FIG. 1B) asopposed to a landscape position (not shown).

In addition to the open position, device 100 may also have a “closed”position illustrated in FIG. 1H. Again, position sensors 172A and 172Bcan generate a signal indicating that device 100 is in the “closed”position. This can trigger an event that results in a change ofdisplayed information on screen 104 and/or 108. For example, device 100may be programmed to stop displaying information on one of the screens,e.g., screen 108, since a user can only view one screen at a time whendevice 100 is in the “closed” position. In other embodiments, the signalgenerated by position sensors 172A and 172B, indicating that the device100 is in the “closed” position, can trigger device 100 to answer anincoming telephone call. The “closed” position can also be a preferredposition for utilizing the device 100 as a mobile phone.

Device 100 can also be used in an “easel” position which is illustratedin FIG. 1I. In the “easel” position, screens 104 and 108 are angled withrespect to each other and facing outward with the edges of screens 104and 108 substantially horizontal. In this position, device 100 can beconfigured to display information on both screens 104 and 108 to allowtwo users to simultaneously interact with device 100. When device 100 isin the “easel” position, sensors 172A and 172B generate a signalindicating that the screens 104 and 108 are positioned at an angle toeach other, and the accelerometer 176 can generate a signal indicatingthat device 100 has been placed so that the edge of screens 104 and 108are substantially horizontal. The signals can then be used incombination to generate events that trigger changes in the display ofinformation on screens 104 and 108.

FIG. 1J illustrates device 100 in a “modified easel” position. In the“modified easel” position, one of screens 104 or 108 is used as a standand is faced down on the surface of an object such as a table. Thisposition provides a convenient way for information to be displayed to auser in landscape orientation. Similar to the easel position, whendevice 100 is in the “modified easel” position, position sensors 172Aand 172B generate a signal indicating that the screens 104 and 108 arepositioned at an angle to each other. The accelerometer 176 wouldgenerate a signal indicating that device 100 has been positioned so thatone of screens 104 and 108 is faced downwardly and is substantiallyhorizontal. The signals can then be used to generate events that triggerchanges in the display of information of screens 104 and 108. Forexample, information may not be displayed on the screen that is facedown since a user cannot see the screen.

Transitional states are also possible. When the position sensors 172Aand B and/or accelerometer indicate that the screens are being closed orfolded (from open), a closing transitional state is recognized.Conversely when the position sensors 172A and B indicate that thescreens are being opened or folded (from closed), an openingtransitional state is recognized. The closing and opening transitionalstates are typically time-based, or have a maximum time duration from asensed starting point. Normally, no user input is possible when one ofthe closing and opening states is in effect. In this manner, incidentaluser contact with a screen during the closing or opening function is notmisinterpreted as user input. In embodiments, another transitional stateis possible when the device 100 is closed. This additional transitionalstate allows the display to switch from one screen 104 to the secondscreen 108 when the device 100 is closed based on some user input, e.g.,a double tap on the screen 110,114.

As can be appreciated, the description of device 100 is made forillustrative purposes only, and the embodiments are not limited to thespecific mechanical features shown in FIGS. 1A-1J and described above.In other embodiments, device 100 may include additional features,including one or more additional buttons, slots, display areas, hinges,and/or locking mechanisms. Additionally, in embodiments, the featuresdescribed above may be located in different parts of device 100 andstill provide similar functionality. Therefore, FIGS. 1A-1J and thedescription provided above are nonlimiting.

Hardware Features:

FIG. 2 illustrates components of a device 100 in accordance withembodiments of the present disclosure. In general, the device 100includes a primary screen 104 and a secondary screen 108. While theprimary screen 104 and its components are normally enabled in both theopened and closed positions or states, the secondary screen 108 and itscomponents are normally enabled in the opened state but disabled in theclosed state. However, even when in the closed state a user orapplication triggered interrupt (such as in response to a phoneapplication or camera application operation) can flip the active screen,or disable the primary screen 104 and enable the secondary screen 108,by a suitable command. Each screen 104, 108 can be touch sensitive andcan include different operative areas. For example, a first operativearea, within each touch sensitive screen 104 and 108, may comprise atouch sensitive display 110, 114. In general, the touch sensitivedisplay 110, 114 may comprise a full color, touch sensitive display. Asecond area within each touch sensitive screen 104 and 108 may comprisea gesture capture region 120, 124. The gesture capture region 120, 124may comprise an area or region that is outside of the touch sensitivedisplay 110, 114 area, and that is capable of receiving input, forexample in the form of gestures provided by a user. However, the gesturecapture region 120, 124 does not include pixels that can perform adisplay function or capability.

A third region of the touch sensitive screens 104 and 108 may comprise aconfigurable area 112, 116. The configurable area 112, 116 is capable ofreceiving input and has display or limited display capabilities. Inembodiments, the configurable area 112, 116 may present different inputoptions to the user. For example, the configurable area 112, 116 maydisplay buttons or other relatable items. Moreover, the identity ofdisplayed buttons, or whether any buttons are displayed at all withinthe configurable area 112, 116 of a touch sensitive screen 104 or 108,may be determined from the context in which the device 100 is usedand/or operated. In an exemplary embodiment, the touch sensitive screens104 and 108 comprise liquid crystal display devices extending across atleast those regions of the touch sensitive screens 104 and 108 that arecapable of providing visual output to a user, and a capacitive inputmatrix over those regions of the touch sensitive screens 104 and 108that are capable of receiving input from the user.

One or more display controllers 216 a, 216 b may be provided forcontrolling the operation of the touch sensitive screens 104 and 108,including input (touch sensing) and output (display) functions. In theexemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, a separate touch screencontroller 216 a or 216 b is provided for each touch screen 104 and 108.In accordance with alternate embodiments, a common or shared touchscreen controller 216 may be used to control each of the included touchsensitive screens 104 and 108. In accordance with still otherembodiments, the functions of a touch screen controller 216 may beincorporated into other components, such as a processor 204.

The processor 204 may comprise a general purpose programmable processoror controller for executing application programming or instructions. Inaccordance with at least some embodiments, the processor 204 may includemultiple processor cores, and/or implement multiple virtual processors.In accordance with still other embodiments, the processor 204 mayinclude multiple physical processors. As a particular example, theprocessor 204 may comprise a specially configured application specificintegrated circuit (ASIC) or other integrated circuit, a digital signalprocessor, a controller, a hardwired electronic or logic circuit, aprogrammable logic device or gate array, a special purpose computer, orthe like. The processor 204 generally functions to run programming codeor instructions implementing various functions of the device 100.

A communication device 100 may also include memory 208 for use inconnection with the execution of application programming or instructionsby the processor 204, and for the temporary or long term storage ofprogram instructions and/or data. As examples, the memory 208 maycomprise RAM, DRAM, SDRAM, or other solid state memory. Alternatively orin addition, data storage 212 may be provided. Like the memory 208, thedata storage 212 may comprise a solid state memory device or devices.Alternatively or in addition, the data storage 212 may comprise a harddisk drive or other random access memory.

In support of communications functions or capabilities, the device 100can include a cellular telephony module 228. As examples, the cellulartelephony module 228 can comprise a GSM, CDMA, FDMA and/or analogcellular telephony transceiver capable of supporting voice, multimediaand/or data transfers over a cellular network. Alternatively or inaddition, the device 100 can include an additional or other wirelesscommunications module 232. As examples, the other wirelesscommunications module 232 can comprise a Wi-Fi, BLUETOOTH™, WiMax,infrared, or other wireless communications link. The cellular telephonymodule 228 and the other wireless communications module 232 can each beassociated with a shared or a dedicated antenna 224.

A port interface 252 may be included. The port interface 252 may includeproprietary or universal ports to support the interconnection of thedevice 100 to other devices or components, such as a dock, which may ormay not include additional or different capabilities from those integralto the device 100. In addition to supporting an exchange ofcommunication signals between the device 100 and another device orcomponent, the docking port 136 and/or port interface 252 can supportthe supply of power to or from the device 100. The port interface 252also comprises an intelligent element that comprises a docking modulefor controlling communications or other interactions between the device100 and a connected device or component.

An input/output module 248 and associated ports may be included tosupport communications over wired networks or links, for example withother communication devices, server devices, and/or peripheral devices.Examples of an input/output module 248 include an Ethernet port, aUniversal Serial Bus (USB) port, Institute of Electrical and ElectronicsEngineers (IEEE) 1394, or other interface.

An audio input/output interface/device(s) 244 can be included to provideanalog audio to an interconnected speaker or other device, and toreceive analog audio input from a connected microphone or other device.As an example, the audio input/output interface/device(s) 244 maycomprise an associated amplifier and analog to digital converter.Alternatively or in addition, the device 100 can include an integratedaudio input/output device 256 and/or an audio jack for interconnectingan external speaker or microphone. For example, an integrated speakerand an integrated microphone can be provided, to support near talk orspeaker phone operations.

Hardware buttons 158 can be included for example for use in connectionwith certain control operations. Examples include a master power switch,volume control, etc., as described in conjunction with FIGS. 1A through1J. One or more image capture interfaces/devices 240, such as a camera,can be included for capturing still and/or video images. Alternativelyor in addition, an image capture interface/device 240 can include ascanner or code reader. An image capture interface/device 240 caninclude or be associated with additional elements, such as a flash orother light source.

The device 100 can also include a global positioning system (GPS)receiver 236. In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure,the GPS receiver 236 may further comprise a GPS module that is capableof providing absolute location information to other components of thedevice 100. An accelerometer(s) 176 may also be included. For example,in connection with the display of information to a user and/or otherfunctions, a signal from the accelerometer 176 can be used to determinean orientation and/or format in which to display that information to theuser.

Embodiments of the present disclosure can also include one or moreposition sensor(s) 172. The position sensor 172 can provide a signalindicating the position of the touch sensitive screens 104 and 108relative to one another. This information can be provided as an input,for example to a user interface application, to determine an operatingmode, characteristics of the touch sensitive displays 110, 114, and/orother device 100 operations. As examples, a screen position sensor 172can comprise a series of Hall effect sensors, a multiple positionswitch, an optical switch, a Wheatstone bridge, a potentiometer, orother arrangement capable of providing a signal indicating of multiplerelative positions the touch screens are in.

Communications between various components of the device 100 can becarried by one or more buses 222. In addition, power can be supplied tothe components of the device 100 from a power source and/or powercontrol module 260. The power control module 260 can, for example,include a battery, an AC to DC converter, power control logic, and/orports for interconnecting the device 100 to an external source of power.

Device State:

FIGS. 3A and 3B represent illustrative states of device 100. While anumber of illustrative states are shown, and transitions from a firststate to a second state, it is to be appreciated that the illustrativestate diagram may not encompass all possible states and/or all possibletransitions from a first state to a second state. As illustrated in FIG.3, the various arrows between the states (illustrated by the staterepresented in the circle) represent a physical change that occurs tothe device 100, that is detected by one or more of hardware andsoftware, the detection triggering one or more of a hardware and/orsoftware interrupt that is used to control and/or manage one or morefunctions of device 100.

As illustrated in FIG. 3A, there are twelve exemplary “physical” states:closed 304, transition 308 (or opening transitional state), easel 312,modified easel 316, open 320, inbound/outbound call or communication324, image/video capture 328, transition 332 (or closing transitionalstate), landscape 340, docked 336, docked 344 and landscape 348. Next toeach illustrative state is a representation of the physical state of thedevice 100 with the exception of states 324 and 328, where the state isgenerally symbolized by the international icon for a telephone and theicon for a camera, respectfully.

In state 304, the device is in a closed state with the device 100generally oriented in the portrait direction with the primary screen 104and the secondary screen 108 back-to-back in different planes (see FIG.1H). From the closed state, the device 100 can enter, for example,docked state 336, where the device 100 is coupled with a dockingstation, docking cable, or in general docked or associated with one ormore other devices or peripherals, or the landscape state 340, where thedevice 100 is generally oriented with the primary screen 104 facing theuser, and the primary screen 104 and the secondary screen 108 beingback-to-back.

In the closed state, the device can also move to a transitional statewhere the device remains closed by the display is moved from one screen104 to another screen 108 based on a user input, e.g., a double tap onthe screen 110, 114. Still another embodiment includes a bilateralstate. In the bilateral state, the device remains closed, but a singleapplication displays at least one window on both the first display 110and the second display 114. The windows shown on the first and seconddisplay 110, 114 may be the same or different based on the applicationand the state of that application. For example, while acquiring an imagewith a camera, the device may display the view finder on the firstdisplay 110 and displays a preview for the photo subjects (full screenand mirrored left-to-right) on the second display 114.

In state 308, a transition state from the closed state 304 to thesemi-open state or easel state 312, the device 100 is shown opening withthe primary screen 104 and the secondary screen 108 being rotated arounda point of axis coincidence with the hinge. Upon entering the easelstate 312, the primary screen 104 and the secondary screen 108 areseparated from one another such that, for example, the device 100 cansit in an easel-like configuration on a surface.

In state 316, known as the modified easel position, the device 100 hasthe primary screen 104 and the secondary screen 108 in a similarrelative relationship to one another as in the easel state 312, with thedifference being one of the primary screen 104 or the secondary screen108 are placed on a surface as shown.

State 320 is the open state where the primary screen 104 and thesecondary screen 108 are generally on the same plane. From the openstate, the device 100 can transition to the docked state 344 or the openlandscape state 348. In the open state 320, the primary screen 104 andthe secondary screen 108 are generally in the portrait-like orientationwhile in landscaped state 348 the primary screen 104 and the secondaryscreen 108 are generally in a landscape-like orientation.

State 324 is illustrative of a communication state, such as when aninbound or outbound call is being received or placed, respectively, bythe device 100. While not illustrated for clarity, it should beappreciated the device 100 can transition to the inbound/outbound callstate 324 from any state illustrated in FIG. 3. In a similar manner, theimage/video capture state 328 can be entered into from any other statein FIG. 3, with the image/video capture state 328 allowing the device100 to take one or more images via a camera and/or videos with a videocapture device 240.

Transition state 322 illustratively shows primary screen 104 and thesecondary screen 108 being closed upon one another for entry into, forexample, the closed state 304.

FIG. 3B illustrates, with reference to the key, the inputs that arereceived to detect a transition from a first state to a second state. InFIG. 3B, various combinations of states are shown with in general, aportion of the columns being directed toward a portrait state 352, alandscape state 356, and a portion of the rows being directed toportrait state 360 and landscape state 364.

In FIG. 3B, the Key indicates that “H” represents an input from one ormore Hall Effect sensors, “A” represents an input from one or moreaccelerometers, “T” represents an input from a timer, “P” represents acommunications trigger input and “I” represents an image and/or videocapture request input. Thus, in the center portion 376 of the chart, aninput, or combination of inputs, are shown that represent how the device100 detects a transition from a first physical state to a secondphysical state.

As discussed, in the center portion of the chart 376, the inputs thatare received enable the detection of a transition from, for example, aportrait open state to a landscape easel state—shown in bold—“HAT.” Forthis exemplary transition from the portrait open to the landscape easelstate, a Hall Effect sensor (“H”), an accelerometer (“A”) and a timer(“T”) input may be needed. The timer input can be derived from, forexample, a clock associated with the processor.

In addition to the portrait and landscape states, a docked state 368 isalso shown that is triggered based on the receipt of a docking signal372. As discussed above and in relation to FIG. 3, the docking signalcan be triggered by the association of the device 100 with one or moreother device 100 s, accessories, peripherals, smart docks, or the like.

User Interaction:

FIGS. 4A through 4H depict various graphical representations of gestureinputs that may be recognized by the screens 104, 108. The gestures maybe performed not only by a user's body part, such as a digit, but alsoby other devices, such as a stylus, that may be sensed by the contactsensing portion(s) of a screen 104, 108. In general, gestures areinterpreted differently, based on where the gestures are performed(either directly on the display 110, 114 or in the gesture captureregion 120, 124). For example, gestures in the display 110,114 may bedirected to a desktop or application, and gestures in the gesturecapture region 120, 124 may be interpreted as for the system.

With reference to FIGS. 4A-4H, a first type of gesture, a touch gesture420, is substantially stationary on the screen 104,108 for a selectedlength of time. A circle 428 represents a touch or other contact typereceived at particular location of a contact sensing portion of thescreen. The circle 428 may include a border 432, the thickness of whichindicates a length of time that the contact is held substantiallystationary at the contact location. For instance, a tap 420 (or shortpress) has a thinner border 432 a than the border 432 b for a long press424 (or for a normal press). The long press 424 may involve a contactthat remains substantially stationary on the screen for longer timeperiod than that of a tap 420. As will be appreciated, differentlydefined gestures may be registered depending upon the length of timethat the touch remains stationary prior to contact cessation or movementon the screen.

With reference to FIG. 4C, a drag gesture 400 on the screen 104,108 isan initial contact (represented by circle 428) with contact movement 436in a selected direction. The initial contact 428 may remain stationaryon the screen 104,108 for a certain amount of time represented by theborder 432. The drag gesture typically requires the user to contact anicon, window, or other displayed image at a first location followed bymovement of the contact in a drag direction to a new second locationdesired for the selected displayed image. The contact movement need notbe in a straight line but have any path of movement so long as thecontact is substantially continuous from the first to the secondlocations.

With reference to FIG. 4D, a flick gesture 404 on the screen 104,108 isan initial contact (represented by circle 428) with truncated contactmovement 436 (relative to a drag gesture) in a selected direction. Inembodiments, a flick has a higher exit velocity for the last movement inthe gesture compared to the drag gesture. The flick gesture can, forinstance, be a finger snap following initial contact. Compared to a draggesture, a flick gesture generally does not require continual contactwith the screen 104,108 from the first location of a displayed image toa predetermined second location. The contacted displayed image is movedby the flick gesture in the direction of the flick gesture to thepredetermined second location. Although both gestures commonly can movea displayed image from a first location to a second location, thetemporal duration and distance of travel of the contact on the screen isgenerally less for a flick than for a drag gesture.

With reference to FIG. 4E, a pinch gesture 408 on the screen 104,108 isdepicted. The pinch gesture 408 may be initiated by a first contact 428a to the screen 104,108 by, for example, a first digit and a secondcontact 428 b to the screen 104,108 by, for example, a second digit. Thefirst and second contacts 428 a,b may be detected by a common contactsensing portion of a common screen 104,108, by different contact sensingportions of a common screen 104 or 108, or by different contact sensingportions of different screens. The first contact 428 a is held for afirst amount of time, as represented by the border 432 a, and the secondcontact 428 b is held for a second amount of time, as represented by theborder 432 b. The first and second amounts of time are generallysubstantially the same, and the first and second contacts 428 a, bgenerally occur substantially simultaneously. The first and secondcontacts 428 a, b generally also include corresponding first and secondcontact movements 436 a, b, respectively. The first and second contactmovements 436 a, b are generally in opposing directions. Stated anotherway, the first contact movement 436 a is towards the second contact 436b, and the second contact movement 436 b is towards the first contact436 a. More simply stated, the pinch gesture 408 may be accomplished bya user's digits touching the screen 104,108 in a pinching motion.

With reference to FIG. 4F, a spread gesture 410 on the screen 104,108 isdepicted. The spread gesture 410 may be initiated by a first contact 428a to the screen 104,108 by, for example, a first digit and a secondcontact 428 b to the screen 104,108 by, for example, a second digit. Thefirst and second contacts 428 a,b may be detected by a common contactsensing portion of a common screen 104,108, by different contact sensingportions of a common screen 104,108, or by different contact sensingportions of different screens. The first contact 428 a is held for afirst amount of time, as represented by the border 432 a, and the secondcontact 428 b is held for a second amount of time, as represented by theborder 432 b. The first and second amounts of time are generallysubstantially the same, and the first and second contacts 428 a, bgenerally occur substantially simultaneously. The first and secondcontacts 428 a, b generally also include corresponding first and secondcontact movements 436 a, b, respectively. The first and second contactmovements 436 a, b are generally in a common direction. Stated anotherway, the first and second contact movements 436 a, b are away from thefirst and second contacts 428 a, b. More simply stated, the spreadgesture 410 may be accomplished by a user's digits touching the screen104,108 in a spreading motion.

The above gestures may be combined in any manner, such as those shown byFIGS. 4G and 4H, to produce a determined functional result. For example,in FIG. 4G a tap gesture 420 is combined with a drag or flick gesture412 in a direction away from the tap gesture 420. In FIG. 4H, a tapgesture 420 is combined with a drag or flick gesture 412 in a directiontowards the tap gesture 420.

The functional result of receiving a gesture can vary depending on anumber of factors, including a state of the device 100, display 110,114, or screen 104, 108, a context associated with the gesture, orsensed location of the gesture. The state of the device commonly refersto one or more of a configuration of the device 100, a displayorientation, and user and other inputs received by the device 100.Context commonly refers to one or more of the particular application(s)selected by the gesture and the portion(s) of the application currentlyexecuting, whether the application is a single- or multi-screenapplication, and whether the application is a multi-screen applicationdisplaying one or more windows in one or more screens or in one or morestacks. Sensed location of the gesture commonly refers to whether thesensed set(s) of gesture location coordinates are on a touch sensitivedisplay 110, 114 or a gesture capture region 120, 124, whether thesensed set(s) of gesture location coordinates are associated with acommon or different display or screen 104,108, and/or what portion ofthe gesture capture region contains the sensed set(s) of gesturelocation coordinates.

A tap, when received by an a touch sensitive display 110, 114, can beused, for instance, to select an icon to initiate or terminate executionof a corresponding application, to maximize or minimize a window, toreorder windows in a stack, and to provide user input such as bykeyboard display or other displayed image. A drag, when received by atouch sensitive display 110, 114, can be used, for instance, to relocatean icon or window to a desired location within a display, to reorder astack on a display, or to span both displays (such that the selectedwindow occupies a portion of each display simultaneously). A flick, whenreceived by a touch sensitive display 110, 114 or a gesture captureregion 120, 124, can be used to relocate a window from a first displayto a second display or to span both displays (such that the selectedwindow occupies a portion of each display simultaneously). Unlike thedrag gesture, however, the flick gesture is generally not used to movethe displayed image to a specific user-selected location but to adefault location that is not configurable by the user.

The pinch gesture, when received by a touch sensitive display 110, 114or a gesture capture region 120, 124, can be used to minimize orotherwise increase the displayed area or size of a window (typicallywhen received entirely by a common display), to switch windows displayedat the top of the stack on each display to the top of the stack of theother display (typically when received by different displays orscreens), or to display an application manager (a “pop-up window” thatdisplays the windows in the stack). The spread gesture, when received bya touch sensitive display 110, 114 or a gesture capture region 120, 124,can be used to maximize or otherwise decrease the displayed area or sizeof a window, to switch windows displayed at the top of the stack on eachdisplay to the top of the stack of the other display (typically whenreceived by different displays or screens), or to display an applicationmanager (typically when received by an off-screen gesture capture regionon the same or different screens).

The combined gestures of FIG. 4G, when received by a common displaycapture region in a common display or screen 104,108, can be used tohold a first window stack location in a first stack constant for adisplay receiving the gesture while reordering a second window stacklocation in a second window stack to include a window in the displayreceiving the gesture. The combined gestures of FIG. 4H, when receivedby different display capture regions in a common display or screen104,108 or in different displays or screens, can be used to hold a firstwindow stack location in a first window stack constant for a displayreceiving the tap part of the gesture while reordering a second windowstack location in a second window stack to include a window in thedisplay receiving the flick or drag gesture. Although specific gesturesand gesture capture regions in the preceding examples have beenassociated with corresponding sets of functional results, it is to beappreciated that these associations can be redefined in any manner toproduce differing associations between gestures and/or gesture captureregions and/or functional results.

Firmware and Software:

The memory 508 may store and the processor 504 may execute one or moresoftware components. These components can include at least one operatingsystem (OS) 516, an application manager 562, a desktop 566, and/or oneor more applications 564 a and/or 564 b from an application store 560.The OS 516 can include a framework 520, one or more frame buffers 548,one or more drivers 512, previously described in conjunction with FIG.2, and/or a kernel 518. The OS 516 can be any software, consisting ofprograms and data, which manages computer hardware resources andprovides common services for the execution of various applications 564.The OS 516 can be any operating system and, at least in someembodiments, dedicated to mobile devices, including, but not limited to,Linux, ANDROID™, iPhone OS (IOS™), WINDOWS PHONE 7™, etc. The OS 516 isoperable to provide functionality to the phone by executing one or moreoperations, as described herein.

The applications 564 can be any higher level software that executesparticular functionality for the user. Applications 564 can includeprograms such as email clients, web browsers, texting applications,games, media players, office suites, etc. The applications 564 can bestored in an application store 560, which may represent any memory ordata storage, and the management software associated therewith, forstoring the applications 564. Once executed, the applications 564 may berun in a different area of memory 508.

The framework 520 may be any software or data that allows the multipletasks running on the device to interact. In embodiments, at leastportions of the framework 520 and the discrete components describedhereinafter may be considered part of the OS 516 or an application 564.However, these portions will be described as part of the framework 520,but those components are not so limited. The framework 520 can include,but is not limited to, a Multi-Display Management (MDM) module 524, aSurface Cache module 528, a Window Management module 532, an InputManagement module 536, a Task Management module 540, an ApplicationModel Manager 542, a Display Controller, one or more frame buffers 548,a task stack 552, one or more window stacks 550 (which is a logicalarrangement of windows and/or desktops in a display area), and/or anevent buffer 556.

The MDM module 524 includes one or more modules that are operable tomanage the display of applications or other data on the screens of thedevice. An embodiment of the MDM module 524 is described in conjunctionwith FIG. 5B. In embodiments, the MDM module 524 receives inputs fromthe other OS 516 components, such as, the drivers 512, and from theapplications 564 to determine continually the state of the device 100.The inputs assist the MDM module 524 in determining how to configure andallocate the displays according to the application's preferences andrequirements, and the user's actions. Once a determination for displayconfigurations is made, the MDM module 524 can bind the applications 564to a display. The configuration may then be provided to one or moreother components to generate a window with a display.

The Surface Cache module 528 includes any memory or storage and thesoftware associated therewith to store or cache one or more images ofwindows. A series of active and/or non-active windows (or other displayobjects, such as, a desktop display) can be associated with eachdisplay. An active window (or other display object) is currentlydisplayed. A non-active windows (or other display objects) were openedand, at some time, displayed but are now not displayed. To enhance theuser experience, before a window transitions from an active state to aninactive state, a “screen shot” of a last generated image of the window(or other display object) can be stored. The Surface Cache module 528may be operable to store a bitmap of the last active image of a window(or other display object) not currently displayed. Thus, the SurfaceCache module 528 stores the images of non-active windows (or otherdisplay objects) in a data store.

In embodiments, the Window Management module 532 is operable to managethe windows (or other display objects) that are active or not active oneach of the displays. The Window Management module 532, based oninformation from the MDM module. 524, the OS 516, or other components,determines when a window (or other display object) is visible or notactive. The Window Management module 532 may then put a non-visiblewindow (or other display object) in a “not active state” and, inconjunction with the Task Management module Task Management 540 suspendsthe application's operation. Further, the Window Management module 532may assign, through collaborative interaction with the MDM module 524, adisplay identifier to the window (or other display object) or manage oneor more other items of data associated with the window (or other displayobject). The Window Management module 532 may also provide the storedinformation to the application 564, the Task Management module 540, orother components interacting with or associated with the window (orother display object). The Window Management module 532 can alsoassociate an input task with a window based on window focus and displaycoordinates within the motion space.

The Input Management module 536 is operable to manage events that occurwith the device. An event is any input into the window environment, forexample, a user interface interactions with a user. The Input Managementmodule 536 receives the events and logically stores the events in anevent buffer 556. Events can include such user interface interactions asa “down event,” which occurs when a screen 104, 108 receives a touchsignal from a user, a “move event,” which occurs when the screen 104,108 determines that a user's finger is moving across a screen(s), an “upevent, which occurs when the screen 104, 108 determines that the userhas stopped touching the screen 104, 108, etc. These events arereceived, stored, and forwarded to other modules by the Input Managementmodule 536. The Input Management module 536 may also map screen inputsto a motion space which is the culmination of all physical and virtualdisplay available on the device.

The motion space is a virtualized space that includes all touchsensitive displays 110,114 “tiled” together to mimic the physicaldimensions of the device 100. For example, when the device 100 isunfolded, the motion space size may be 960×800, which may be the numberof pixels in the combined display area for both touch sensitive displays110, 114. If a user touches on a first touch sensitive display 110 onlocation (40, 40), a full screen window can receive touch event withlocation (40, 40). If a user touches on a second touch sensitive display114, with location (40, 40), the full screen window can receive touchevent with location (520, 40), because the second touch sensitivedisplay 114 is on the right side of the first touch sensitive display110, so the device 100 can offset the touch by the first touch sensitivedisplay's 110 width, which is 480 pixels. When a hardware event occurswith location info from a driver 512, the framework 520 can up-scale thephysical location to the motion space because the location of the eventmay be different based on the device orientation and state. The motionspace may be as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No.13/187,026, filed Jul. 20, 2011, entitled “Systems and Methods forReceiving Gesture Inputs Spanning Multiple Input Devices,” which ishereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all that it teachesand for all purposes.

A task can be an application and a sub-task can be an applicationcomponent that provides a window with which users can interact to dosomething, such as dial the phone, take a photo, send an email, or viewa map. Each task may be given a window in which to draw a userinterface. The window typically fills a display (for example, touchsensitive display 110,114), but may be smaller than the display 110,114and float on top of other windows. An application usually consists ofmultiple sub-tasks that are loosely bound to each other. Typically, onetask in an application is specified as the “main” task, which ispresented to the user when launching the application for the first time.Each task can then start another task or sub-task to perform differentactions.

The Task Management module 540 is operable to manage the operation ofone or more applications 564 that may be executed by the device. Thus,the Task Management module 540 can receive signals to launch, suspend,terminate, etc. an application or application sub-tasks stored in theapplication store 560. The Task Management module 540 may theninstantiate one or more tasks or sub-tasks of the application 564 tobegin operation of the application 564. Further, the Task ManagementModule 540 may launch, suspend, or terminate a task or sub-task as aresult of user input or as a result of a signal from a collaboratingframework 520 component. The Task Management Module 540 is responsiblefor managing the lifecycle of applications (tasks and sub-task) fromwhen the application is launched to when the application is terminated.

The processing of the Task Management Module 540 is facilitated by atask stack 552, which is a logical structure associated with the TaskManagement Module 540. The task stack 552 maintains the state of alltasks and sub-tasks on the device 100. When some component of theoperating system 516 requires a task or sub-task to transition in itslifecycle, the OS 516 component can notify the Task Management Module540. The Task Management Module 540 may then locate the task orsub-task, using identification information, in the task stack 552, andsend a signal to the task or sub-task indicating what kind of lifecycletransition the task needs to execute. Informing the task or sub-task ofthe transition allows the task or sub-task to prepare for the lifecyclestate transition. The Task Management Module 540 can then execute thestate transition for the task or sub-task. In embodiments, the statetransition may entail triggering the OS kernel 518 to terminate the taskwhen termination is required.

Further, the Task Management module 540 may suspend the application 564,based on information from the Window Management Module 532. Suspendingthe application 564 may maintain application data in memory but maylimit or stop the application 564 from rendering a window or userinterface. Once the application becomes active again, the TaskManagement module 540 can again trigger the application to render itsuser interface. In embodiments, if a task is suspended, the task maysave the task's state in case the task is terminated. In the suspendedstate, the application task may not receive input because theapplication window is not visible to the user.

The frame buffer 548 is a logical structure(s) used to render the userinterface. The frame buffer 548 can be created and destroyed by the OSkernel 518. However, the Display Controller 544 can write the imagedata, for the visible windows, into the frame buffer 548. A frame buffer548 can be associated with one screen or multiple screens. Theassociation of a frame buffer 548 with a screen can be controlleddynamically by interaction with the OS kernel 518. A composite displaymay be created by associating multiple screens with a single framebuffer 548. Graphical data used to render an application's window userinterface may then be written to the single frame buffer 548, for thecomposite display, which is output to the multiple screens 104,108. TheDisplay Controller 544 can direct an application's user interface to aportion of the frame buffer 548 that is mapped to a particular display110,114, thus, displaying the user interface on only one screen 104 or108. The Display Controller 544 can extend the control over userinterfaces to multiple applications, controlling the user interfaces foras many displays as are associated with a frame buffer 548 or a portionthereof. This approach compensates for the multiple physical screens104,108 that are in use by the software component above the DisplayController 544.

The Application Manager 562 is an application that provides apresentation layer for the window environment. Thus, the ApplicationManager 562 provides the graphical model for rendering by the TaskManagement Module 540. Likewise, the Desktop 566 provides thepresentation layer for the Application Store 560. Thus, the desktopprovides a graphical model of a surface having selectable applicationicons for the Applications 564 in the Application Store 560 that can beprovided to the Window Management Module 556 for rendering.

Further, the framework can include an Application Model Manager (AMM)542. The Application Manager 562 may interface with the AMM 542. Inembodiments, the AMM 542 receives state change information from thedevice 100 regarding the state of applications (which are running orsuspended). The AMM 542 can associate bit map images from the SurfaceCache Module 528 to the tasks that are alive (running or suspended).Further, the AMM 542 can convert the logical window stack maintained inthe Task Manager Module 540 to a linear (“film strip” or “deck ofcards”) organization that the user perceives when the using the offgesture capture area 120 to sort through the windows. Further, the AMM542 may provide a list of executing applications to the ApplicationManager 562.

An embodiment of the MDM module 524 is shown in FIG. 5B. The MDM module524 is operable to determine the state of the environment for thedevice, including, but not limited to, the orientation of the device,whether the device 100 is opened or closed, what applications 564 areexecuting, how the applications 564 are to be displayed, what actionsthe user is conducting, the tasks being displayed, etc. To configure thedisplay, the MDM module 524 interprets these environmental factors anddetermines a display configuration, as described in conjunction withFIGS. 6A-6J. Then, the MDM module 524 can bind the applications 564 orother device components to the displays. The configuration may then besent to the Display Controller 544 and/or the other components withinthe OS 516 to generate the display. The MDM module 524 can include oneor more of, but is not limited to, a Display Configuration Module 568, aPreferences Module 572, a Device State Module 574, a Gesture Module 576,a Requirements Module 580, an Event Module 584, and/or a Binding Module588.

The Display Configuration Module 568 determines the layout for thedisplay. In embodiments, the Display Configuration Module 568 candetermine the environmental factors. The environmental factors may bereceived from one or more other MDM modules 524 or from other sources.The Display Configuration Module 568 can then determine from the list offactors the best configuration for the display. Some embodiments of thepossible configurations and the factors associated therewith aredescribed in conjunction with FIGS. 6A-6F.

The Preferences Module 572 is operable to determine display preferencesfor an application 564 or other component. For example, an applicationcan have a preference for Single or Dual displays. The PreferencesModule 572 can determine an application's display preference (e.g., byinspecting the application's preference settings) and may allow theapplication 564 to change to a mode (e.g., single screen, dual screen,max, etc.) if the device 100 is in a state that can accommodate thepreferred mode. However, some user interface policies may disallow amode even if the mode is available. As the configuration of the devicechanges, the preferences may be reviewed to determine if a betterdisplay configuration can be achieved for an application 564.

The Device State Module 574 is operable to determine or receive thestate of the device. The state of the device can be as described inconjunction with FIGS. 3A and 3B. The state of the device can be used bythe Display Configuration Module 568 to determine the configuration forthe display. As such, the Device State Module 574 may receive inputs andinterpret the state of the device. The state information is thenprovided to the Display Configuration Module 568.

The Gesture Module 576 is shown as part of the MDM module 524, but, inembodiments, the Gesture module 576 may be a separate Framework 520component that is separate from the MDM module 524. In embodiments, theGesture Module 576 is operable to determine if the user is conductingany actions on any part of the user interface. In alternativeembodiments, the Gesture Module 576 receives user interface actions fromthe configurable area 112,116 only. The Gesture Module 576 can receivetouch events that occur on the configurable area 112,116 (or possiblyother user interface areas) by way of the Input Management Module 536and may interpret the touch events (using direction, speed, distance,duration, and various other parameters) to determine what kind ofgesture the user is performing. When a gesture is interpreted, theGesture Module 576 can initiate the processing of the gesture and, bycollaborating with other Framework 520 components, can manage therequired window animation. The Gesture Module 576 collaborates with theApplication Model Manager 542 to collect state information with respectto which applications are running (active or paused) and the order inwhich applications must appear when a user gesture is performed. TheGesture Module 576 may also receive references to bitmaps (from theSurface Cache Module 528) and live windows so that when a gesture occursit can instruct the Display Controller 544 how to move the window(s)across the display 110,114. Thus, suspended applications may appear tobe running when those windows are moved across the display 110,114.

Further, the Gesture Module 576 can receive task information either fromthe Task Manage Module 540 or the Input Management module 536. Thegestures may be as defined in conjunction with FIGS. 4A through 4H. Forexample, moving a window causes the display to render a series ofdisplay frames that illustrate the window moving. The gesture associatedwith such user interface interaction can be received and interpreted bythe Gesture Module 576. The information about the user gesture is thensent to the Task Management Module 540 to modify the display binding ofthe task.

The Requirements Module 580, similar to the Preferences Module 572, isoperable to determine display requirements for an application 564 orother component. An application can have a set display requirement thatmust be observed. Some applications require a particular displayorientation. For example, the application “Angry Birds” can only bedisplayed in landscape orientation. This type of display requirement canbe determined or received, by the Requirements Module 580. As theorientation of the device changes, the Requirements Module 580 canreassert the display requirements for the application 564. The DisplayConfiguration Module 568 can generate a display configuration that is inaccordance with the application display requirements, as provided by theRequirements Module 580.

The Event Module 584, similar to the Gesture Module 576, is operable todetermine one or more events occurring with an application or othercomponent that can affect the user interface. Thus, the Event Module 584can receive event information either from the event buffer 556 or theTask Management module 540. These events can change how the tasks arebound to the displays. The Event Module 584 can collect state changeinformation from other Framework 520 components and act upon that statechange information. In an example, when the phone is opened or closed orwhen an orientation change has occurred, a new message may be renderedin a secondary screen. The state change based on the event can bereceived and interpreted by the Event Module 584. The information aboutthe events then may be sent to the Display Configuration Module 568 tomodify the configuration of the display.

The Binding Module 588 is operable to bind the applications 564 or theother components to the configuration determined by the DisplayConfiguration Module 568. A binding associates, in memory, the displayconfiguration for each application with the display and mode of theapplication. Thus, the Binding Module 588 can associate an applicationwith a display configuration for the application (e.g. landscape,portrait, multi-screen, etc.). Then, the Binding Module 588 may assign adisplay identifier to the display. The display identifier associated theapplication with a particular display of the device 100. This binding isthen stored and provided to the Display Controller 544, the othercomponents of the OS 516, or other components to properly render thedisplay. The binding is dynamic and can change or be updated based onconfiguration changes associated with events, gestures, state changes,application preferences or requirements, etc.

User Interface Configurations:

With reference now to FIGS. 6A-J, various types of output configurationsmade possible by the device 100 will be described hereinafter.

FIGS. 6A and 6B depict two different output configurations of the device100 being in a first state. Specifically, FIG. 6A depicts the device 100being in a closed portrait state 304 where the data is displayed on theprimary screen 104. In this example, the device 100 displays data viathe touch sensitive display 110 in a first portrait configuration 604.As can be appreciated, the first portrait configuration 604 may onlydisplay a desktop or operating system home screen. Alternatively, one ormore windows may be presented in a portrait orientation while the device100 is displaying data in the first portrait configuration 604.

FIG. 6B depicts the device 100 still being in the closed portrait state304, but instead data is displayed on the secondary screen 108. In thisexample, the device 100 displays data via the touch sensitive display114 in a second portrait configuration 608.

It may be possible to display similar or different data in either thefirst or second portrait configuration 604, 608. It may also be possibleto transition between the first portrait configuration 604 and secondportrait configuration 608 by providing the device 100 a user gesture(e.g., a double tap gesture), a menu selection, or other means. Othersuitable gestures may also be employed to transition betweenconfigurations. Furthermore, it may also be possible to transition thedevice 100 from the first or second portrait configuration 604, 608 toany other configuration described herein depending upon which state thedevice 100 is moved.

An alternative output configuration may be accommodated by the device100 being in a second state. Specifically, FIG. 6C depicts a thirdportrait configuration where data is displayed simultaneously on boththe primary screen 104 and the secondary screen 108. The third portraitconfiguration may be referred to as a Dual-Portrait (PD) outputconfiguration. In the PD output configuration, the touch sensitivedisplay 110 of the primary screen 104 depicts data in the first portraitconfiguration 604 while the touch sensitive display 114 of the secondaryscreen 108 depicts data in the second portrait configuration 608. Thesimultaneous presentation of the first portrait configuration 604 andthe second portrait configuration 608 may occur when the device 100 isin an open portrait state 320. In this configuration, the device 100 maydisplay one application window in one display 110 or 114, twoapplication windows (one in each display 110 and 114), one applicationwindow and one desktop, or one desktop. Other configurations may bepossible. It should be appreciated that it may also be possible totransition the device 100 from the simultaneous display ofconfigurations 604, 608 to any other configuration described hereindepending upon which state the device 100 is moved. Furthermore, whilein this state, an application's display preference may place the deviceinto bilateral mode, in which both displays are active to displaydifferent windows in the same application. For example, a Cameraapplication may display a viewfinder and controls on one side, while theother side displays a mirrored preview that can be seen by the photosubjects. Games involving simultaneous play by two players may also takeadvantage of bilateral mode.

FIGS. 6D and 6E depicts two further output configurations of the device100 being in a third state. Specifically, FIG. 6D depicts the device 100being in a closed landscape state 340 where the data is displayed on theprimary screen 104. In this example, the device 100 displays data viathe touch sensitive display 110 in a first landscape configuration 612.Much like the other configurations described herein, the first landscapeconfiguration 612 may display a desktop, a home screen, one or morewindows displaying application data, or the like.

FIG. 6E depicts the device 100 still being in the closed landscape state340, but instead data is displayed on the secondary screen 108. In thisexample, the device 100 displays data via the touch sensitive display114 in a second landscape configuration 616. It may be possible todisplay similar or different data in either the first or second portraitconfiguration 612, 616. It may also be possible to transition betweenthe first landscape configuration 612 and second landscape configuration616 by providing the device 100 with one or both of a twist and tapgesture or a flip and slide gesture. Other suitable gestures may also beemployed to transition between configurations. Furthermore, it may alsobe possible to transition the device 100 from the first or secondlandscape configuration 612, 616 to any other configuration describedherein depending upon which state the device 100 is moved.

FIG. 6F depicts a third landscape configuration where data is displayedsimultaneously on both the primary screen 104 and the secondary screen108. The third landscape configuration may be referred to as aDual-Landscape (LD) output configuration. In the LD outputconfiguration, the touch sensitive display 110 of the primary screen 104depicts data in the first landscape configuration 612 while the touchsensitive display 114 of the secondary screen 108 depicts data in thesecond landscape configuration 616. The simultaneous presentation of thefirst landscape configuration 612 and the second landscape configuration616 may occur when the device 100 is in an open landscape state 340. Itshould be appreciated that it may also be possible to transition thedevice 100 from the simultaneous display of configurations 612, 616 toany other configuration described herein depending upon which state thedevice 100 is moved.

FIGS. 6G and 6H depict two views of a device 100 being in yet anotherstate. Specifically, the device 100 is depicted as being in an easelstate 312. FIG. 6G shows that a first easel output configuration 618 maybe displayed on the touch sensitive display 110. FIG. 6H shows that asecond easel output configuration 620 may be displayed on the touchsensitive display 114. The device 100 may be configured to depict eitherthe first easel output configuration 618 or the second easel outputconfiguration 620 individually. Alternatively, both the easel outputconfigurations 618, 620 may be presented simultaneously. In someembodiments, the easel output configurations 618, 620 may be similar oridentical to the landscape output configurations 612, 616. The device100 may also be configured to display one or both of the easel outputconfigurations 618, 620 while in a modified easel state 316. It shouldbe appreciated that simultaneous utilization of the easel outputconfigurations 618, 620 may facilitate two-person games (e.g.,Battleship®, chess, checkers, etc.), multi-user conferences where two ormore users share the same device 100, and other applications. As can beappreciated, it may also be possible to transition the device 100 fromthe display of one or both configurations 618, 620 to any otherconfiguration described herein depending upon which state the device 100is moved.

FIG. 6I depicts yet another output configuration that may beaccommodated while the device 100 is in an open portrait state 320.Specifically, the device 100 may be configured to present a singlecontinuous image across both touch sensitive displays 110, 114 in aportrait configuration referred to herein as a Portrait-Max (PMax)configuration 624. In this configuration, data (e.g., a single image,application, window, icon, video, etc.) may be split and displayedpartially on one of the touch sensitive displays while the other portionof the data is displayed on the other touch sensitive display. The Pmaxconfiguration 624 may facilitate a larger display and/or betterresolution for displaying a particular image on the device 100. Similarto other output configurations, it may be possible to transition thedevice 100 from the Pmax configuration 624 to any other outputconfiguration described herein depending upon which state the device 100is moved.

FIG. 6J depicts still another output configuration that may beaccommodated while the device 100 is in an open landscape state 348.Specifically, the device 100 may be configured to present a singlecontinuous image across both touch sensitive displays 110, 114 in alandscape configuration referred to herein as a Landscape-Max (LMax)configuration 628. In this configuration, data (e.g., a single image,application, window, icon, video, etc.) may be split and displayedpartially on one of the touch sensitive displays while the other portionof the data is displayed on the other touch sensitive display. The Lmaxconfiguration 628 may facilitate a larger display and/or betterresolution for displaying a particular image on the device 100. Similarto other output configurations, it may be possible to transition thedevice 100 from the Lmax configuration 628 to any other outputconfiguration described herein depending upon which state the device 100is moved.

The device 100 manages desktops and/or windows with at least one windowstack 700, 728, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. A window stack 700, 728 isa logical arrangement of active and/or inactive windows for amulti-screen device. For example, the window stack 700, 728 may belogically similar to a deck of cards, where one or more windows ordesktops are arranged in order, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. An activewindow is a window that is currently being displayed on at least one ofthe touch sensitive displays 110, 114. For example, windows 104 and 108are active windows and are displayed on touch sensitive displays 110 and114. An inactive window is a window that was opened and displayed but isnow “behind” an active window and not being displayed. In embodiments,an inactive window may be for an application that is suspended, andthus, the window is not displaying active content. For example, windows712, 716, 720, and 724 are inactive windows.

A window stack 700, 728 may have various arrangements or organizationalstructures. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7A, the device 100 includesa first stack 760 associated with a first touch sensitive display 110and a second stack associated with a second touch sensitive display 114.Thus, each touch sensitive display 110, 114 can have an associatedwindow stack 760, 764. These two window stacks 760, 764 may havedifferent numbers of windows arranged in the respective stacks 760, 764.Further, the two window stacks 760, 764 can also be identifieddifferently and managed separately. Thus, the first window stack 760 canbe arranged in order from a first window 704 to a next window 720 to alast window 724 and finally to a desktop 722, which, in embodiments, isat the “bottom” of the window stack 760. In embodiments, the desktop 722is not always at the “bottom” as application windows can be arranged inthe window stack below the desktop 722, and the desktop 722 can bebrought to the “top” of a stack over other windows during a desktopreveal. Likewise, the second stack 764 can be arranged from a firstwindow 708 to a next window 712 to a last window 716, and finally to adesktop 718, which, in embodiments, is a single desktop area, withdesktop 722, under all the windows in both window stack 760 and windowstack 764. A logical data structure for managing the two window stacks760, 764 may be as described in conjunction with FIG. 8.

Another arrangement for a window stack 728 is shown in FIG. 7B. In thisembodiment, there is a single window stack 728 for both touch sensitivedisplays 110, 114. Thus, the window stack 728 is arranged from a desktop758 to a first window 744 to a last window 756. A window can be arrangedin a position among all windows without an association to a specifictouch sensitive display 110, 114. In this embodiment, a window is in theorder of windows. Further, at least one window is identified as beingactive. For example, a single window may be rendered in two portions 732and 736 that are displayed on the first touch sensitive screen 110 andthe second touch sensitive screen 114. The single window may only occupya single position in the window stack 728 although it is displayed onboth displays 110, 114.

Yet another arrangement of a window stack 760 is shown in FIGS. 7Cthrough 7E. The window stack 760 is shown in three “elevation” views. InFIG. 7C, the top of the window stack 760 is shown. Two sides of thewindow stack 760 are shown in FIGS. 7D and 7E. In this embodiment, thewindow stack 760 resembles a stack of bricks. The windows are stacked oneach other. Looking from the top of the window stack 760 in FIG. 7C,only the top most windows in the window stack 760 are seen in differentportions of the composite display 764. The composite display 764represents a logical model for the entire display area of the device100, which can include touch sensitive display 110 and touch sensitivedisplay 114. A desktop 786 or a window can occupy part or all of thecomposite display 764.

In the embodiment shown, the desktop 786 is the lowest display or“brick” in the window stack 760. Thereupon, window 1 782, window 2 782,window 3 768, and window 4 770 are layered. Window 1 782, window 3 768,window 2 782, and window 4 770 only occupy a portion of the compositedisplay 764. Thus, another part of the stack 760 includes window 8 774and windows 5 through 7 shown in section 790. Only the top window in anyportion of the composite display 764 is actually rendered and displayed.Thus, as shown in the top view in FIG. 7C, window 4 770, window 8 774,and window 3 768 are displayed as being at the top of the display indifferent portions of the window stack 760. A window can be dimensionedto occupy only a portion of the composite display 760 to “reveal”windows lower in the window stack 760. For example, window 3 768 islower in the stack than both window 4 770 and window 8 774 but is stilldisplayed. A logical data structure to manage the window stack can be asdescribed in conjunction with FIG. 8.

When a new window is opened, the newly activated window is generallypositioned at the top of the stack. However, where and how the window ispositioned within the stack can be a function of the orientation of thedevice 100, the context of what programs, functions, software, etc. arebeing executed on the device 100, how the stack is positioned when thenew window is opened, etc. To insert the window in the stack, theposition in the stack for the window is determined and the touchsensitive display 110, 114 to which the window is associated may also bedetermined. With this information, a logical data structure for thewindow can be created and stored. When user interface or other events ortasks change the arrangement of windows, the window stack(s) can bechanged to reflect the change in arrangement. It should be noted thatthese same concepts described above can be used to manage the one ormore desktops for the device 100.

A logical data structure 800 for managing the arrangement of windows ordesktops in a window stack is shown in FIG. 8. The logical datastructure 800 can be any data structure used to store data whether anobject, record, file, etc. The logical data structure 800 can be storedin any type of database or data storage system, regardless of protocolor standard. In embodiments, the logical data structure 800 includes oneor more portions, fields, attributes, etc. that store data in a logicalarrangement that allows for easy storage and retrieval of theinformation. Hereinafter, these one or more portions, fields,attributes, etc. shall be described simply as fields. The fields canstore data for a window identifier 804, dimensions 808, a stack positionidentifier 812, a display identifier 816, and/or an active indicator820. Each window in a window stack can have an associated logical datastructure 800. While only a single logical data structure 800 is shownin FIG. 8, there may be more or fewer logical data structures 800 usedwith a window stack (based on the number of windows or desktops in thestack), as represented by ellipses 824. Further, there may be more orfewer fields than those shown in FIG. 8, as represented by ellipses 828.

A window identifier 804 can include any identifier (ID) that uniquelyidentifies the associated window in relation to other windows in thewindow stack. The window identifier 804 can be a globally uniqueidentifier (GUID), a numeric ID, an alphanumeric ID, or other type ofidentifier. In embodiments, the window identifier 804 can be one, two,or any number of digits based on the number of windows that can beopened. In alternative embodiments, the size of the window identifier804 may change based on the number of windows opened. While the windowis open, the window identifier 804 may be static and remain unchanged.

Dimensions 808 can include dimensions for a window in the compositedisplay 760. For example, the dimensions 808 can include coordinates fortwo or more corners of the window or may include one coordinate anddimensions for the width and height of the window. These dimensions 808can delineate what portion of the composite display 760 the window mayoccupy, which may the entire composite display 760 or only part ofcomposite display 760. For example, window 4 770 may have dimensions 880that indicate that the window 770 will occupy only part of the displayarea for composite display 760, as shown in FIGS. 7 c through 7E. Aswindows are moved or inserted in the window stack, the dimensions 808may change.

A stack position identifier 812 can be any identifier that can identifythe position in the stack for the window or may be inferred from thewindow's control record within a data structure, such as a list or astack. The stack position identifier 812 can be a GUID, a numeric ID, analphanumeric ID, or other type of identifier. Each window or desktop caninclude a stack position identifier 812. For example, as shown in FIG.7A, window 1 704 in stack 1 760 can have a stack position identifier 812of 1 identifying that window 704 is the first window in the stack 760and the active window. Similarly, window 6 724 can have a stack positionidentifier 812 of 3 representing that window 724 is the third window inthe stack 760. Window 2 708 can also have a stack position identifier812 of 1 representing that window 708 is the first window in the secondstack 764. As shown in FIG. 7B, window 1 744 can have a stack positionidentifier 812 of 1, window 3, rendered in portions 732 and 736, canhave a stack position identifier 812 of 3, and window 6 756 can have astack position identifier 812 of 6. Thus, depending on the type ofstack, the stack position identifier 812 can represent a window'slocation in the stack.

A display identifier 816 can identify that the window or desktop isassociated with a particular display, such as the first display 110 orthe second display 114, or the composite display 760 composed of bothdisplays. While this display identifier 816 may not be needed for amulti-stack system, as shown in FIG. 7A, the display identifier 816 canindicate whether a window in the serial stack of FIG. 7B is displayed ona particular display. Thus, window 3 may have two portions 732 and 736in FIG. 7B. The first portion 732 may have a display identifier 816 forthe first display while the second portion 736 may have a displayidentifier 816 for the second display 114. However, in alternativeembodiments, the window may have two display identifier 816 thatrepresent that the window is displayed on both of the displays 110, 114,or a display identifier 816 identifying the composite display. Inanother alternate embodiment, the window may have a single displayidentifier 816 to represent that the window is displayed on both of thedisplays 110, 114.

Similar to the display identifier 816, an active indicator 820 may notbe needed with the dual stack system of FIG. 7A, as the window in stackposition 1 is active and displayed. In the system of FIG. 7B, the activeindicator 820 can indicate which window(s) in the stack is beingdisplayed. Thus, window 3 may have two portions 732 and 736 in FIG. 7.The first portion 732 may have an active indicator 820 while the secondportion 736 may also have an active indicator 820. However, inalternative embodiments, window 3 may have a single active indicator820. The active indicator 820 can be a simple flag or bit thatrepresents that the window is active or displayed.

An embodiment of a method 900 for creating a window stack is shown inFIG. 9. While a general order for the steps of the method 900 is shownin FIG. 9. Generally, the method 900 starts with a start operation 904and ends with an end operation 928. The method 900 can include more orfewer steps or can arrange the order of the steps differently than thoseshown in FIG. 9. The method 900 can be executed as a set ofcomputer-executable instructions executed by a computer system andencoded or stored on a computer readable medium. Hereinafter, the method900 shall be explained with reference to the systems, components,modules, software, data structures, user interfaces, etc. described inconjunction with FIGS. 1-8.

A multi-screen device 100 can receive activation of a window, in step908. In embodiments, the multi-screen device 100 can receive activationof a window by receiving an input from the touch sensitive display 110or 114, the configurable area 112 or 116, a gesture capture region 120or 124, or some other hardware sensor operable to receive user interfaceinputs. The processor may execute the Task Management Module 540 mayreceive the input. The Task Management Module 540 can interpret theinput as requesting an application task to be executed that will open awindow in the window stack.

In embodiments, the Task Management Module 540 places the user interfaceinteraction in the task stack 552 to be acted upon by the DisplayConfiguration Module 568 of the Multi-Display Management Module 524.Further, the Task Management Module 540 waits for information from theMulti-Display Management Module 524 to send instructions to the WindowManagement Module 532 to create the window in the window stack.

The Multi-Display Management Module 524, upon receiving instruction fromthe Task Management Module 540, determines to which touch portion of thecomposite display 760, the newly activated window should be associated,in step 912. For example, window 4 770 is associated with the a portionof the composite display 764 In embodiments, the device state module 574of the Multi-Display Management Module 524 may determine how the deviceis oriented or in what state the device is in, e.g., open, closed,portrait, etc. Further, the preferences module 572 and/or requirementsmodule 580 may determine how the window is to be displayed. The gesturemodule 576 may determine the user's intentions about how the window isto be opened based on the type of gesture and the location of where thegesture is made.

The Display Configuration Module 568 may use the input from thesemodules and evaluate the current window stack 760 to determine the bestplace and the best dimensions, based on a visibility algorithm, to openthe window. Thus, the Display Configuration Module 568 determines thebest place to put the window at the top of the window stack 760, in step916. The visibility algorithm, in embodiments, determines for allportions of the composite display, which windows are at the top of thestack. For example, the visibility algorithm determines that window 3768, window 4 770, and window 8 774 are at the top of the stack 760 asviewed in FIGS. 7C through 7E. Upon determining where to open thewindow, the Display Configuration Module 568 can assign a displayidentifier 816 and possibly dimensions 808 to the window. The displayidentifier 816 and dimensions 808 can then be sent back to the TaskManagement Module 540. The Task Management Module 540 may then assignthe window a stack position identifier 812 indicating the windowsposition at the top of the window stack.

In embodiments, the Task Management Module 540 sends the window stackinformation and instructions to render the window to the WindowManagement Module 532. The Window Management Module 532 and the TaskManagement Module 540 can create the logical data structure 800, in step924. Both the Task Management Module 540 and the Window ManagementModule 532 may create and manage copies of the window stack. Thesecopies of the window stack can be synchronized or kept similar throughcommunications between the Window Management Module 532 and the TaskManagement Module 540. Thus, the Window Management Module 532 and theTask Management Module 540, based on the information determined by theMulti-Display Management Module 524, can assign dimensions 808, a stackposition identifier 812 (e.g., window 1 782, window 4 770, etc.), adisplay identifier 816 (e.g., touch sensitive display 1 110, touchsensitive display 2 114, composite display identifier, etc), and anactive indicator 820, which is generally always set when the window isat the “top” of the stack. The logical data structure 800 may then bestored by both the Window Management Module 532 and the Task ManagementModule 540. Further, the Window Management Module 532 and the TaskManagement Module 540 may thereinafter manage the window stack and thelogical data structure(s) 800.

Demand for portable electronic devices with high levels of functionalitycontinues to rise and personal electronic devices continue to becomeincreasingly more portable. While computer power, battery life, screensize and overall functionality of portable phones and smart phonescontinue to increase, user reliance on these devices increases. Manyusers of such devices rely heavily on such devices for generalcommunication, accessing the internet, cloud computing, and accessingvarious locally stored information such as contact information, files,music, pictures and the like. It is often desirable therefore to connectsuch heavily relied on devices to an additional computing device ordisplay, such as a monitor or tablet device, such as a SmartPad (SP)1000 (see FIG. 10).

Accordingly, it is desirable for the device 100 to be able to interfacewith an additional device, such as the SmartPad 1000, that enablesfunctionality similar to, for example, both a tablet computer system andsmart phone. Furthermore, a need exists for the above-described deviceto allow for various pre-existing features of both devices, such assending and receiving phone calls and further allowing for theaccessibility of applications running on the device 100. A need alsoexists for the above device 100 to provide the benefits of both a tabletcomputer system and cellular phone in one integrative device by allowingfor common operations and functionality without compromising the formfactor of the device.

One exemplary embodiment is directed toward a selectively removabledevice and smartpad system. The smartpad system is discussed in greaterdetail hereinafter, and can have various features for complementing thecommunications device, such as a smart phone or device 100. For example,the smartpad may supplement the device 100 by providing increased screensize, increased processor size, increased battery or power supply, orthe like. Similarly, the device 100 may compliment the SP 1000 byproviding connectivity through one or more wireless networks, access tovarious stored information, and the like. It will be expresslyrecognized therefore that two or more devices of the present disclosuremay be provided in a connected or docked and generally symbioticrelationship. It will further be recognized that the devices providevarious features, benefits and functionality in their independentstate(s).

In accordance with one exemplary embodiment, the device 100 is capableof being received by the SP 1000 through a recessed feature of the SP1000 having corresponding dimensions to the device 100. In one exemplaryembodiment, the SP 1000 is provided and preferably sized for receiving apredetermined device 100. In alternative embodiments, however, it iscontemplated that the SP 1000 is provided, the smartpad capable ofreceiving a plurality of communications devices of different sizes. Insuch embodiments, the SP 1000 may receive communications devices ofvarious sizes by, for example, the inclusion of additional elements,such as spacers and various adjustable features.

In accordance with one exemplary embodiment, the device 100 and SP 1000have a docking relationship that is established when the device 100 isconnected to the SP 1000 during various modes of operation. For example,in one embodiment, a system is provided comprising the SP 1000 and thedevice 100, the SP 1000 capable of physically receiving the device 100,wherein the device 100 is operable as the primary computing device. Insuch an embodiment, the SP 1000 may, for example, simply provideenhanced audio and visual features for the device 100 that comprises itsown CPU, memory, and the like. It is further contemplated that thesystem can be placed in a mode of operation wherein the device 100docked to the SP 1000 provide it in a more passive mode where, forexample, the device 100 draws power from the SP 1000 such as to rechargea battery of the device 100.

In accordance with another exemplary embodiment, the device 100 and SP1000 are provided wherein the device 100 is received or docked with theSP 1000 and wherein a substantial area of the device 100 is positionedwithin one or more compartments of the SP 1000. For example, where asvarious known devices comprise docking features which require or resultin the docked item to be generally exposed, thereby substantiallyaltering the external dimensions of the host device and/or creating apotential for damaging one or both devices upon impact, an exemplaryembodiment contemplates the SP 1000 which receives the device 100 in amanner such that the external dimensions of the SP 1000 are notsubstantially altered when the devices are connected. In such anarrangement, the device 100 and associated connection means aregenerally protected and the SP 1000 is allowed to substantially maintainits original shape. In accordance with one exemplary embodiment, the SP1000 is capable of receiving and/or docking the device 100 wherein thedevice 100 is received in lockable association with the SP 1000. As usedherein, the term “lockable” is not intended to designate or limit it toany particular arrangement. Rather, lockable is intended to refer tovarious embodiments as described herein and will be recognized by one ofordinary skill in the art. In one embodiment, the device 100 isconnectable to the SP 1000 wherein the SP 1000 comprises extensionsprings for first electively securing the device 100 in a docked mannerand an ejection feature for releasing the device 100 from the SP 1000.Moreover, as will be described in greater detail below, it should beappreciated that the device 100 and SP 1000 can communicate using wiredand/or wireless technology(ies) with equal success. Moreover, and inaccordance with another exemplary embodiment, the hinged device 100 isselectively connectable to the SP 1000 wherein the device 100 isreceived by the SP 1000 in an open position and where in one or morepreexisting ports of the SP 1000 correspond with internal receivingfeatures of the SP 1000, such that the device 100 and the SP 1000 may beoperated simultaneously in various modes of use.

In accordance with some exemplary embodiments, the SP 1000 is providedwith an eject or release button to facilitate the removal of a stored ordocked device 100.

FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary SmartPad (SP) 1000 according to anexemplary embodiment. The exemplary SmartPad at least provides a largertouch sensitive display operatively coupleable to device 100.

While the following description uses the term “smart” in conjunctionwith the display device 1000, it is to be appreciated that this termdoes not necessarily connotate that there is intelligence in theSmartPad. Rather, it is to be appreciated that there can be“intelligence,” including one or more of a processor(s), memory,storage, display drivers, etc., in the SmartPad, and/or one or more ofthese elements shared with the device 100 via, for example, one or moreof a port, bus, connection, or the like. In general, any one or more ofthe functions of the device 100 is extendable to the SmartPad 700 andvice versa.

The exemplary SmartPad 700 includes a screen 1004, a SP touch sensitivedisplay 1010, a SP configurable area 1008, a SP gesture captureregion(s) 1012 and a SP camera 1016. The SP 1000 also includes a port(not visible in this orientation) adapted to receive the device 100 asillustrated at least in FIG. 11.

The device 100 docks with the SmartPad 1000 via the port on the SP 1000and the corresponding port 136 on device 100. As discussed, port 136 insome embodiments is an input/output port (I/O port) that allows thedevice 100 to be connected to other peripheral devices, such as adisplay, keyboard, printing device and/or SP 1000. In accordance withone exemplary embodiment, the docking is accomplished by the device 100sliding into the left-hand side of the SP 1000, with the device 100being in an open state and the device 100 engaging a port in the SP 1000corresponding to port 136. In accordance with one exemplary embodiment,the device 100 engages a doored cassette-like slot in the SP 1000 intowhich the device 100 slides. (See for example FIG. 13) It should beappreciated however that there may be other configurations forphysically and electrically engaging the two devices—in general, themanner of engagement is not important provided the device 100 and SP1000 are in electrical communication with one another.

The SP 1000 includes a screen 1004. In some embodiments, the entirefront surface of the SP 1000 may be touch sensitive and capable ofreceiving input by a user touching the front surface of the screen 1004.The screen 1004 includes touch sensitive display 1010, which, inaddition to being touch sensitive, is also capable of displayinginformation to a user.

The screen 1004 also includes a configurable area 1008 that has beenconfigured for specific inputs when the user touches portions of theconfigurable area 1008. Area 1012 a is configured to receive a “back”input indicating that a user would like to view information previouslydisplayed. Area 1012 b is configured to receive a “menu” inputindicating that the user would like to view options from a menu. Area1012 c is configured to receive a “home” input indicating that the userwould like to view information associated with a “home” view.

In other embodiments, areas 1012 a-c may be configured, in addition tothe configurations described above, for other types of specific inputsincluding controlling features of device 100 and/or device 1000, somenon-limiting examples including adjusting overall system power,adjusting the volume, adjusting the brightness, adjusting the vibration,selecting of displayed items on screen 1004, operating the SP camera1016, operating a microphone, and initiating/terminating of telephonecalls. Also, in some embodiments, areas 1012 a-c may be configured forspecific inputs depending upon the application running on device 100/SP1000 and/or information displayed on the touch sensitive displays 1010.

In addition to touch sensing, screen 1004 may also include areas thatreceive input from a user without requiring the user to touch thedisplay area of the screen. For example, screen 1004 can include gesturecapture area 1012. These areas are able to receive input by recognizinggestures made by a user without the need for the user to actually touchthe surface of the display area. In comparison to touch sensitivedisplay 1010 and 1014, the gesture capture area 1012 may not be capableof rendering a displayed image.

While not illustrated, there may also be a number of hardware componentswithin SP 1000. As illustrated in FIG. 10, SP 1000 can include aspeaker, a microphone and one or more cameras 1016. Upon docking thedevice 100 in the SP 1000, the corresponding device(s) (e.g., thespeaker) in the device 100 could be disabled in favor of the speaker inthe SP 1000. Similarly, other components, such as the screen 1004,microphone, speaker, etc, could be disabled on the device 100 in favorof the SP 1000.

In general, the touch sensitive display 1010 may comprise a full color,touch sensitive display. A second area within each touch sensitivescreen 1004 may comprise the SP gesture capture region 1012. The SPgesture capture region 1012 may comprise an area or region that isoutside of the SP touch sensitive display 1010 area that is capable ofreceiving input, for example in the form of gestures provided by a user.However, the SP gesture capture region 1012 does not necessarily includepixels that can perform a display function or capability.

A third region of the SP touch sensitive screen 1004 may comprise theconfigurable area 1012. The configurable area 1012 is capable ofreceiving input and has display or limited display capabilities. Inembodiments, the configurable area 1012 may present different inputoptions to the user. For example, the configurable area 1012 may displaybuttons or other relatable items. Moreover, the identity of displayedbuttons, or whether any buttons are displayed at all within theconfigurable area 1012 of the SP touch sensitive screen 1004 may bedetermined from the context in which the device 1000 is used and/oroperated. In an exemplary embodiment, the touch sensitive screen 1004comprise liquid crystal display devices extending across at least thoseregions of the touch sensitive screen 1004 that is capable of providingvisual output to a user, and a capacitive input matrix over thoseregions of the touch sensitive screen 1004 that is capable of receivinginput from the user.

As discussed above with reference to FIGS. 4A through 4H, the variousgraphical representations of gesture inputs that may be recognized bythe screens 104, 108 are also recognizable by screen 1004. As discussed,the gestures may be performed not only by a user's body part, such as adigit, but also by other devices, such as a stylus, that may be sensedby the contact sensing portion(s) of a screen 1004. In general, gesturesare interpreted differently, based on where the gestures are performed(either directly on the display 1004 or in the gesture capture region1020). For example, gestures in the display 1010 may be directed to adesktop or application, and gestures in the gesture capture region 1020may be interpreted as for the system.

In addition to the above, the SP touch sensitive screen 1004 may alsohave an area that assists a user with identifying which portion of thescreen is in focus. This could be a bar of light or in general andindicator that identifies which one or more portions of the SP touchsensitive screen 1004 are in focus. (See for example, FIG. 29)

One or more display controllers (such as display controllers 216 a, 216b and/or dedicated display controller(s) on the SP 1000) may be providedfor controlling the operation of the touch sensitive screen 1004including input (touch sensing) and output (display) functions.

In accordance with one exemplary embodiment, a separate touch screencontroller is provided for the SP 1000 in addition to each of thecontrollers for the touch screens 104 and 108. In accordance withalternate embodiments, a common or shared touch screen controller may beused to control any one or more of the touch sensitive screens 104 and108, and/or 1004. In accordance with still other embodiments, thefunctions of the touch screen controllers may be incorporated into othercomponents, such as a processor and memory or dedicated graphicschip(s).

In a similar manner, the SP 1000 may include a processor complementaryto the processor 204, either of which may comprise a general purposeprogrammable processor or controller for executing applicationprogramming or instructions. In accordance with at least someembodiments, the processors may include multiple processor cores, and/orimplement multiple virtual processors. In accordance with still otherembodiments, the processors may include multiple physical processors. Asa particular example, the processors may comprise a specially configuredapplication specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or other integratedcircuit, a digital signal processor, a controller, a hardwiredelectronic or logic circuit, a programmable logic device or gate array,a special purpose computer, or the like. The processors generallyfunction to run programming code or instructions implementing variousfunctions of the device 100 and/or SP 1000.

The SP 1000 can also optionally be equipped with an audio input/outputinterface/device(s) (not shown) to provide analog audio to aninterconnected speaker or other device, and to receive analog audioinput from a connected microphone or other device. As an example, theaudio input/output interface/device(s) 256 may comprise an associatedamplifier and analog to digital converter usable with SP 1000.Alternatively or in addition, the device 100 can include an integratedaudio input/output device 256 and/or an audio jack for interconnectingan external speaker or microphone via SP 1000. For example, anintegrated speaker and an integrated microphone can be provided, tosupport near talk or speaker phone operations.

Hardware buttons (not shown) but similar to hardware buttons 158 can beincluded for example for use in connection with certain controloperations. Examples include a master power switch, volume control,etc., as described in conjunction with FIGS. 1A through 1J. One or moreimage capture interfaces/devices 1016, such as a camera, can be includedfor capturing still and/or video images. Alternatively or in addition,an image capture interface/device 1016 can include a scanner or codereader. An image capture interface/device 1016 can include or beassociated with additional elements, such as a flash or other lightsources.

Communications between various components of the device 100 and SP 1000can be carried by one or more buses and/or communications channels. Inaddition, power can be supplied to one or more of the components of thedevice 100 and Sp 1000 from a power source and/or power control module260. The power control module 260 and/or device 100 and/or SP 1000 can,for example, include a battery, an AC to DC converter, power controllogic, and/or ports for interconnecting the device 100/1000 to anexternal source of power.

The middleware 520 may also be any software or data that allows themultiple processes running on the devices to interact. In embodiments,at least portions of the middleware 520 and the discrete componentsdescribed herein may be considered part of the OS 516 or an application564. However, these portions will be described as part of the middleware520, but those components are not so limited. The middleware 520 caninclude, but is not limited to, a Multi-Display Management (MDM) class524, a Surface Cache class 528, a Window Management class 532, anActivity Management class 536, an Application Management class 540, adisplay control block, one or more frame buffers 548, an activity stack552, and/or an event buffer 556—all of the functionality thereofextendable to the SP 1000. A class can be any group of two or moremodules that have related functionality or are associated in a softwarehierarchy.

The MDM class 524 also includes one or more modules that are operable tomanage the display of applications or other data on the screen of the SP1000. An embodiment of the MDM class 524 is described in conjunctionwith FIG. 5B. In embodiments, the MDM class 524 receives inputs from theOS 516, the drivers 512 and the applications 564. The inputs assist theMDM class 524 in determining how to display the information required bythe user. Once a determination for display configurations is determined,the MDM class 524 can bind the applications 564 to a displayconfiguration. The configuration may then be provided to one or moreother components to generate the display on the SP 1000.

FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary embodiment showing the device 100docking with the SP 1000. More specifically, the device 100 is beinginserted into a slot (not shown) on the SP 1000. On completion of theinserting of device 100 into SP 1000 (See FIG. 12), device 100communicates with the SP 1000 via bus or other wired or wirelesselectrical means 1204. The device 100 is also connected with, forexample, the camera/video camera 1016, microphone (Mic), and power port1208.

In conjunction with the docking of device 100 with SP 1000, one or moreof the devices can begin power management. For example, one or more ofthe device 100 and SP 1000 can include power supplies, such asbatteries, solar, or in general any electrical supply, any one or moreof which being usable to supply one or more of the device 100 and SP1000. Furthermore, through the use of, for example, an AC power adaptorconnected to port 1208, the SP 1000 can supply power to device 100, suchas to charge device 100. It will be appreciated that the powermanagement functionality described herein can be distributed between oneor more of the device 100 and SP 1000, with power being sharable betweenthe two devices.

In addition to power management functions, upon the device 100 beingdocked with the SP 1000, the displays on device 100 can be turned offto, for example, save power. Furthermore, electrical connections areestablished between the device 100 and SP 1000 such that the speaker,microphone, display, input capture region(s), inputs, and the like,received by SP 1000 are transferrable to device 100. Moreover, thedisplay on device 1000 is enabled such that information that would havebeen displayed on one or more of the touch sensitive displays 110 and114 is displayed on touch sensitive display 1010. As will be discussedin greater detail herein, the SP 1000 can emulate the dual displayconfiguration of the device 100 on the single display 1010.

The SP 1000 can optionally be equipped with the headphone jack 1212 andpower button 1216. Moreover, any hardware buttons or user input buttonson the device 100 could be extended to and replicated on the SP 1000.

This dock event between the device 100 and SP 1000 can be seen as states336 or 344 in FIG. 3A. As will be appreciated, and in accordance withone of the illustrative embodiments herein, the device 100 is dockedwith SP 1000 with the device being in the open state 210. However, it isto be appreciated that the device 100 can be docked with the SP 1000 inthe closed state 304, or docked via, for example, a cable without thedevice 100 necessarily being inserted into the SP 1000.

FIGS. 13A-B illustrate application reorientation according to anexemplary embodiment of the disclosure. In particular, FIG. 13Aillustrates the device 100 being inserted into the SP 1000. Before beingassociated with the SP 1000, the device 100 has two applications, bothin the landscape mode, represented by application “B” in landscape on afirst screen and application “C” in landscape on a second screen(partially obscured by SP 1000).

FIG. 13B illustrates the re-orientation of the windows for the twoapplications based on the device 100 being associated with the SP 1000,the SP 1000 being in the landscape orientation. In accordance with thisexemplary embodiment, application “B” on the device 100 is re-orientedto be in the portrait orientation on the SP 1000, and in a similarmanner, application “C” on the device 100 is reoriented to the portraitorientation on the right-hand side the touch sensitive display 1010. Aswill be appreciated, the reorientation of the application(s) from thedevice 100 to the SP 1000 can occur in a similar manner for a singleapplication running on the device 100. For example, if there is only oneapplication running on device 100, and the application is running inlandscape mode, when the device 100 is docked with the SP 1000, theorientation of the application is reoriented to be appropriate for thecurrent orientation of the SP 1000. For example, if the application onthe device 100 is in portrait mode, and the SP 1000 is in landscapemode, the application is reoriented from portrait mode on the device 100to landscape mode on the SP 1000. In a similar manner, if theapplication on the device is in landscape mode, and upon being docked tothe SP 1000 in portrait mode, the application is reoriented intoportrait mode for appropriate viewing on the SP 1000.

In accordance with one exemplary embodiment, the accelerometer 176 ondevice 100 is used to determine the orientation of both the device 100and SP 1000, and consequently the orientation of the touch screendisplay 1010. Therefore, the accelerometer(s) 176 outputs a signal thatis used in connection with the display of information to control theorientation and/or format in which information is to be displayed to theuser on display 1010. As is to be appreciated, reorientation can includeone or more of a portrait to landscape conversion, a landscape toportrait conversion, a resizing, a re-proportioning and/or a redrawingof the window(s) associated with the application(s).

On reorienting of the running application(s), the application(s) isdisplayed on display 1010 on SP 1000.

In accordance with an optional exemplary embodiment, priority can begiven to the application that is in focus. For example, and using againapplications “B” and “C” as illustrated in FIG. 13B, if insteadapplication C was in focus before docking, application C could bereoriented and displayed on the left-hand portion of display 1010, andapplication B, which was not in focus before docking, displayed on theright-hand portion of display 1010 upon docking.

In accordance with another optional embodiment, the application in focuscould be displayed in full-screen mode on display 1010 with theapplication(s) not in focus placed into a window stack that is, forexample, in a carousel-type arrangement as discussed hereinafter.

FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a single application modefor the SP 1000. In the single application mode, all applications arelaunched and displayed in full screen. The single application mode canbe indicated by a multi-tasking icon in the enunciator bar, or at someother location on screen 1004.

Displaying of the application(s) are managed by one or more of thedisplay controller 544, framework 520, window management module 532,display configuration module 568, as well as middleware 520 andassociated classes. In single application mode, all dual screen capableapplications can be launched in either a dual screen or max mode, wherethe application is displayed substantially filling the display 1010.This is applicable to when the SP 1000 is either in the portrait mode,as illustrated in FIG. 14, or in the landscape mode, as illustrated inFIG. 15. In these figures, the “A” represents the single applicationwith the X1, X2 being variables representing the coordinates and/orlocation of the window in which the application “A” is to be displaced.A similar notation is used hereinafter for the multi-application mode,with it being appreciated that, for example, X1 may contain thecoordinate information for the displaying of the window for a firstapplication, and X2 may contain the coordinate information for thedisplaying of a window corresponding to a second application, and so on.

In one configuration, max mode is a mode that maximizes the entireapplication workspace or area for viewing canvas-based content.Canvas-based content includes items such as Web Pages, E-mail, images,videos, photographs, documents, and other content that is not predefinedby the application, such as commands, controls, settings, and the like.When an application supports max mode, it generally has a max modebutton on or icon the action bar (discussed below). One location of thebutton is the last item of the first row in the action bar. When the maxmode Screen button is selected, the content canvas is expanded to fillall available screens. If the application is currently minimized, maxmode trigger an auto-maximization. Any non-canvas screen elements arehidden. This includes menus, tabs, action bar, notification bar, andother normally persistent controls. While in max mode, an overlaypartially transparent icon can be fixed in the bottom right hand corner.

When SP 1000 is in single application mode, all applications arelaunched and displayed in max mode. Single application mode is indicatedby a multi-tasking icon in an enunciator bar. Typical applicationssupported by this mode are single- and multi-display applications. Allmulti-display applications are launched in max mode.

When an application that supports max mode is set to max mode, it willautomatically take over both screens or displays regardless of priorstate (maximized or minimized) of the application. Upon exiting maxmode, the application will remain in a maximized (or full screen) state.In a full-screen state, the application view occupies the applicationarea but non-canvas screen elements, particularly persistent controls,are not hidden but displayed in an appropriate display location, such asin a header or footer area (discussed below) and/or only one logicaldisplay (portion) of the screen or composite display is occupied by theview of the application. Thus, in full screen or maximized mode, theview includes menus, tabs, action bar, notification bar, and othernormally persistent controls and the view occupies only a logicaldisplay portion of the screen or composite display.

Max mode is typically dismissed by one or more of selecting the max modetoggle button, selecting the menu button, closing the application,navigating to an application page that does not support max mode(including when using a hardware back button), performing a minimizationaction to perform the minimization and exit max mode, receiving anincoming phone call, and launching a second application from the maxmode application.

Therefore, in one exemplary embodiment, when a single application isexecuted, a single application can launch in the full screen mode andcan be correlated to the max mode as discussed in relation to FIG. 6Iwhere a single application spans both screens of the device 100. Thismax mode is applicable to both the portrait and landscape orientationsas illustrated in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 with the display configurationmodule 568 appropriately (re)sizing the window for the application tofit on substantially all or all of the display 1010.

This resizing can occur regardless of whether a native application onthe device 100 actually supports the orientation of the SP 1000.Therefore, even if the application does not support a particularorientation on device 100, the display configuration module 568 canappropriately re-render and/or re-size the window for the applicationfor appropriate display on the SP 1000.

FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 illustrate an exemplary method of rending a singleapplication that is a dual screen application, in the portrait max modeand landscape max mode, respectively. More specifically, in FIG. 16, therendering of a dual screen application in portrait mode will display ondisplay 1010 one of the two screens substantially or completely fillingdisplay 1010. A user then, for example using a gesture, could scrollbetween the two screens of the single application. In the landscapemode, as illustrated in FIG. 17, the screen 1010 is divided into a firstportion 1704 and a second portion 1708. In this exemplary embodiment,the first screen of the dual screen application is rendered in firstportion 1704, and the second screen of the dual screen application isrendered in the second portion 1708. While a certain portion of thescreen 1010 is illustratively logically divided for the first portion1704 and the second portion 1708, it should be appreciated that thescreen real estate assigned to each portion can vary, for example, basedon one or more of optimum display for the window(s), type of informationbeing displayed in each portion, user preferences, rules associated withthe application, and/or the like.

In accordance with a first example, the first portion is allocated onethird of the screen 1010's resolution, while the second portion 1708 isallocated two thirds of the screen real estate. In accordance withanother example, the screen 1010 is split 50/50. In accordance with yetanother example, the first portion could be allocated 70% of the screen1010's real estate, while the second portion 1708 could be allocated30%. The managing and resizing of these windows can again be done incooperation with the display configuration module 568, as well as thewindows management module 532 and display controllers for successfulrendering of the location of the window(s) on the SP 1000.

As will be appreciated, and in a manner similar to the operation ofdevice 1000, should the SP 1000 change orientation (e.g., from landscapeto portrait or vice versa) the window(s) for the application(s) can beredrawn in the appropriate orientation taking into account windowprioritization based on whether a particular application and currentfocus is for a dual screen application or a single screen application.

Focus can also be taken into consideration when determining which windowof the application should be displayed when the SP 1000 is in theportrait position. For example, if the application is an e-mail client,and the application natively is displayed on dual screens on device 1000(a first screen being directed toward showing inbox content, and thesecond screen being a preview window for a specific item in the inbox)the system can evaluate which window is currently in focus, and ensurethat window is displayed in the portrait max mode when the SP 1000 is inthe portrait orientation.

In FIG. 17 the SP 1000 is configured to merge windows from the dualscreen application on to a single display 1010. In this landscapeorientation, data (e.g., a single image, application, window, icon,video, etc.) from a first window is displayed in a first portion of thedisplay 1010 while data (e.g., a single image, application, window,icon, video, etc.) is shown in a second portion of the display 1010.Similar to other output configurations, it may be possible to transitionthe SP 1000 from the shown output configuration to any other outputconfiguration described herein, depending on, for example, into whichstate the SP 1000 is moved.

Some other exemplary embodiments of windows management within the SP1000 upon the device 100 docking with the SP 1000 are as follows: Forexample, a device 100 is docked to the SP 1000, with the SP 1000 in aportrait orientation and there are two single-display applicationsrunning on the device 1000, the application in focus is placed in alower portion of the display 1010, and the application not in focus isplaced on an upper portion of the display 1010. Another exemplaryscenario, where the device 100 is docked to a portrait-oriented SP 1000where one dual-screen application is running on the device 100 and theSP 1000 is in a dual application mode, applies gravity drop as discussedherein.

In another exemplary scenario, where the device 100 is running twosingle-screen applications, and the SP 1000 is in a landscape dualapplication mode, the first application is assigned to a first portionof the display 1010 and the second application is assigned to a secondportion of the display 1010.

In yet another exemplary scenario where the device 100 is running onedual-screen application and the SP 1000 is in dual application landscapemode, both screens of the dual screen application can be shown on the SP1000.

Stickiness can also apply to the SP 1000 such that, for example, when afirst application is in focus, upon docking to a single application modeSP 1000, the application remains visible after docking. As anotherexample of stickiness, if a second application is in focus upon dockingto a single application mode SP 1000, application two remains visibleafter docking.

In accordance with another example, the device 100 is running onedual-screen application and is docked to a landscape-oriented SP 1000 inmax mode, the windows are re-oriented to be side-by-side, opposed to oneabove the other.

FIG. 18 through FIG. 21 generally illustrate the management and displayof a virtual keyboard 1804 on display 1010. More specifically, in FIG.18, in portrait mode, the virtual keyboard 1804 is positioned belowapplication area 1808, where an application is displayed in, forexample, max mode. In general, it is preferred that the keyboard can beglued to the lower-portion of the display 1010, regardless of whetherthe SP is in the landscape or portrait mode. However, it is to beappreciated that, for example, based on user preferences, the screen canbe glued to another portion of the screen, or can be moved to anotherlocation via, for example, a gesture. In FIG. 18, the application area1808 displays, for example, a standard application with the virtualkeyboard 1804 being displayed in the lower portion of display 1010. InFIG. 19, for example, the application area 1908 is showing a dual-screenenabled application in max mode. The keyboard 1804 is again similarlydisplayed in the lower portion of the display 1010.

In FIG. 20, in SP landscape mode, the keyboard 1804 is displayed in thelower portion of display 1010 with the application area 2004substantially or completely filling the displayable area above thekeyboard 1804. In FIG. 21, the SP is again in landscape mode anddisplaying a dual-screen enabled application in max mode, theapplication area 1 2104 and application area 2 2108, the keyboard 1804is displayed below the two application areas.

In general, in the embodiments illustrated in FIG. 18 through FIG. 21, afirst determination is made as to whether a keyboard should bedisplayed. If the keyboard is to be displayed, the next determination ismade as to the orientation of the SP. If the SP is in a portrait mode,the virtual keyboard is presented also in a portrait mode, preferable onthe lower portion of the screen. If the SP is in a landscape mode, thekeyboard is optionally re-sized to be substantially displayed on a lowerportion of the display with, for example, one or more applicationwindows being located above the virtual keyboard. With the orientationof the SP change, the keyboard is also reoriented to be coincident withthe orientation of the SP. Similarly, when the keyboard is no longerrequired, the keyboard is hidden with the application area(s) beingexpanded to again substantially fill the display 1010.

FIG. 22 and FIG. 23 illustrate exemplary methods of managing windowpositions on the SP 1000. In particular, in FIG. 22, application X 2204is in view on display 1010. On receiving user input, such as the swipemotion represented by 2208 in the gesture capture region 1020,application X is “scrolled” to the left to be replaced with thedual-screen application A1|A2, as shown in FIG. 23. If the same gesture2208 were to be repeated again, application Z would come into view.Similarly, if in FIG. 22 gesture 2208 was in the opposite direction, tothe right, application Y would come into view on display 1010. Scrollingthrough available windows is of course applicable to both the landscapeand portrait mode of the SP in a similar manner. For example, inportrait mode, instead of the gesture traversing from left to right orright to left, the gesture could traverse in a downward motion, or in anupward motion, with the virtual stacks of the windows being located“above” or “below” the device, similar to a rolodex. Thus, when the userinitiates a downward type gesture, the next application “above” isdisplayed on display 1010.

FIG. 24 illustrates the multi application mode of the SP 1000, whereinin the multi application mode the SP 1000 emulates the device 100 in itsmini-tablet form—with this mode optionally being invoked by selection ofa multi application button (shown and described hereinafter). Asimplified way of understanding this mode is to appreciate that the modeemulates the device 100 being opened. In this multi application mode,the SP 1000 can inherit the rules regarding the display of informationon the device 100—For example, that all applications are launched insingle screen mode. One exception could be applications that support amax mode can be by default automatically expanded to this mode ifprovided the opportunity.

In this mode, each application has the ability to determine how theapplication appears in each orientation (e.g., portrait and landscape).

FIG. 26 illustrates an exemplary method of managing the multipleapplication mode of the SP 1000. In the multiple application mode,multiple applications can be managed and displayed within the display1010. In multi application mode, the SP1000 having the single screenemulates the dual screens of the device 100. To initiate the multipleapplication mode, a button/toggle 2618 is selected, which allows theuser to select multiple applications for display in the display 1010. Inthis exemplary embodiment, a first application 2604 C, is shown in theupper-portion of the portrait mode SP 1000 and a second application 2608D, is shown in a lower-portion of screen 1010. In conjunction with thedisplaying of multiple applications in the multiple application mode,focus indicator 2616 can be provided to assist the user with identifyingwhich application is in focus. As discussed, this focus indicator can bea light bar, or other indicator (such as an indicator in the screen 1010or beside 2608) drawing the user's attention to which application is infocus. In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 26, application D 2608 is infocus as represented by the focus bar 2616. In accordance with thisexemplary embodiment, and while the focus bar 2616 is shown in thegesture capture region 1020, it should be appreciated that the focusindicator could be located in some other portion of the SP 1000. Forexample, the window for the application in focus could be slightlyre-sized to allow for the display of a bar of pixels adjacent to thewindow, which would similarly alert the user to the fact that thatapplication is in focus. Similarly, the application in focus couldappear at normal brightness while the application not in focus could beslightly dimmed. In general, any technique could be used to assist theuser in readily determining which application is in focus.

To change focus, a user could use any of the gestures discussed hereinor could, for example, simply touch the area where application C isdisplayed, thereby changing focus to application C, at which point acorresponding relocation of the focus indicator 2616 to adjacent toapplication C would occur.

FIG. 27 illustrates a similar scenario for a landscape mode SP 1000. Inparticular, and upon selection of the multi application mode, thedisplay 1010 is divided between, in this example, a first application D2712, and a second application F 2708. Here, application D is displayedon the right-hand portion of display 1010 and application F displayed onthe left-hand portion of display 1010. While in this exemplaryembodiment, the display real estate is split 50/50 between the twoapplications, it should be appreciated that one application could bedisplayed on a larger portion of the display 1010 than the other. Inthis particular exemplary embodiment, application D is in focus, asrepresented by focus indicator 2416.

In the multiple application mode, in both portrait and landscapeorientations, each application could have its own associated windowstack as show in FIG. 22 and FIG. 23, or there could be one stack sharedbetween all of the displayed applications. More specifically, if eachapplication has its own stack, with a stack structure similar to thatillustrated in FIG. 22, a stack would be available for the firstapplication, such as application C, and a similar stack would beavailable for application D. Each of these stacks could be independentlyscrolled through using, for example, a gesture as discussed above.

FIG. 28 illustrates an exemplary method for managing screen displaycharacteristics according to another embodiment of this disclosure. Inaccordance with this embodiment, a determination is made whether anapplication can be maximized, and if it can be maximized, it is expandedto the dual screen mode or max mode, as appropriate, to substantiallyfill the display 1010 as illustrated in the figure. Here, applicationE1, which is an application that can be maximized, has been expandedusing the max mode to substantially or completely fill display 1010.

In FIG. 28, button 2618 allows a user to toggle between a single screenmode (as illustrated in FIG. 28) and an emulated dual screen mode, forexample, as illustrated in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27. Here, button 2618 doesnot include the “|” therefore indicating to the user the SP 1000 is insingle screen mode.

FIG. 29 illustrates an exemplary method of managing windows. In thisexemplary embodiment, and similar to the operation of the device 100,when the last application in the stack is moved to the side, the desktopis displayed. Even more specifically, as shown in FIG. 29, application F2908 is displayed in an upper portion of display 1010 and the desktop2912 is displayed in the lower portion of display 1010. Here the desktopis in focus, as illustrated by the focus indicator 2916. Thisconfiguration is available since the user has selected the dual-screenemulation mode button 2618.

FIG. 30 illustrates an exemplary method of displaying a keyboardaccording to one embodiment. In particular, when the SP is in portraitmode, the SP will have a keyboard area 3004 and an application area3008. Upon display of the keyboard 3004, the application in applicationarea 3008 is resized to substantially or completely fill the area of thescreen not occupied by the keyboard 3004.

FIG. 31A and FIG. 31B illustrate desktop availability in both the singleapplication mode and dual application mode in both the SP landscape modeand SP portrait mode. In particular, and in accordance with an exemplaryembodiment, the desktop 3104 will occupy the entirety of the screen1010. Additionally, and in accordance with this exemplary embodimentwhere the desktop is shown in a full-screen mode, the enunciator bar1312 can be expanded across the entirety of the screen 1010. This canoccur in both the portrait mode as shown in FIG. 31A as well as thelandscape mode as illustrated in FIG. 31B. From here, upon selection ofthe application launcher 3116, the application launcher can optionallyexpand across the entirety of the screen 1010 in either the portrait orlandscape mode. Similarly, the file explorer, which is launched bypressing the file explorer button 3120, can be similarly expanded intosubstantially all or all of the screen 1010 space.

FIG. 32A and FIG. 32B illustrate screen redrawing that may be requiredto transition the desktop from the device 100 to the SP 1000. Inparticular, in FIG. 32A, six exemplary desktop panels are shown3204-3224. These desktop panels are moveable in a carousel-like fashionbased on gesture input from a user. However, it may not be possible todirectly translate these panels to display correctly on the SP 1000without the panels being distorted or not occupying the entirety of thescreen 1010. Accordingly, in accordance with one exemplary embodiment,one or more of the panels 3204-3224 can be resized when displayed on theSP 1000 to accommodate all or substantially all of the screen 1010. Inaccordance with another exemplary embodiment, more than two of thepanels can be shown on the screen 1010, such as a portion of panel D23208, a portion of panel D3 3212 and a portion of panel D4 3216. In thismanner, the desktop illustrated on the SP 1000 will have a similarlook-and-feel to the desktop panels shown on device 100. The samecarousel-like motion is available via a gesture input to the SP 1000such that a user can scroll to the one or more panels of the desktop.

FIG. 33 illustrates an exemplary notifications display that behaves onthe SP 1000 in a very similar manner to that of the device 100. Inparticular, and whether in the portrait or landscape mode, notificationsand status/toggle buttons are provided that allow the user to, forexample, toggle on or off Bluetooth®, WiFi, screen lock, dual or singlescreen mode, power options, and the like. These, as well as otheroptions are generally shown in area 3304. Additional notifications canalso be shown in area 3308 including one or more of carrier information,notification information, communication information, and the like asdiscussed above.

In more detail, area 3304 provides some buttons for standard widgetssuch as WiFi toggle on and off, Bluetooth® toggle on and off, and thelike. The screen lock toggle can allow, for example, user to lock thescreen thereby prohibiting it from rotating despite the orientation ofthe SP 1000. The toggle can change color or display characteristics toindicate whether screen lock has been enabled. The single/dualapplication mode button toggles, for example, three different statesincluding a dual application mode state, a single application modestate, and a single application lock state. The power mode toggletoggles between a handset optimized, SP optimized, hybrid powerconsumption, or of the like. These power modes can be associated withpower levels, as indicated by the two battery status indicators 3312 and3316 which correspond to the power levels in the device 100 and SP 1000,respectively.

FIG. 34A and FIG. 34B show exemplary methods of launching and displayingthe application launcher upon selection of the application launcherbutton 3116. In both the portrait mode illustrated in FIG. 34A andlandscape mode illustrated in 34B, and when the SP is in singleapplication mode, the application launcher can appear in a bubble so asto not necessarily take up the entirety of the screen 1010. However, forexample, upon receiving an appropriate gesture or input by the user, theapplication launcher can be expanded to take up the entirety of thescreen 1010. This could further be classified in a preference such thatthe default is to always open the application launcher in a bubble so asto not take up the entirety of the screen 1010, or to always open infull screen mode, taking up substantially all, or all of the screen1010.

FIG. 35A and FIG. 35B illustrate an optional embodiment whereby thesystem could provide “hints” as to the content of desktop panels thatare not fully in view. More specifically,

FIG. 35A shows the first embodiment of the desktop panels D1-D6,3504-3524 respectively. As discussed, a user is able to scroll throughthese panels in a carousel-type fashion, revealing any of the content inD1-D6. In accordance with the optional embodiment illustrated in FIG.35B, where the same panels D1-D6 are available for viewing by user, theuser is given a preview of one or more adjacent panels, here D2 3508 andD5 3520. In this configuration, this user is able to “peek” at thecontent of the adjacent panel(s) without necessarily scrolling in acarousel like fashion to view the entirety of the panel. Morespecifically, the entirety of panel D3 3512 and D4 3516 is shown on thedisplay 1010. In addition, approximately one third of panel D2 3508 andone third of panel D5 3520 are also shown on the display 1010. As willbe appreciated, more or less of panels D2 and D5 could be shown, withthe greater of the panel being shown, the more visibility into thatportion of the desktop the user would have.

FIG. 36 illustrates an optional embodiment for managing in a multipleapplication mode the stack of windows. This elegant method reinforcesthe conceptual model and assists the user with visualizing spatially the“carousel” type arrangement of the stack in the multi application mode.As is to be appreciated, while the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 36is directed toward portrait mode of SP1000, it can work equally well inthe landscape mode with the difference being instead of the carouselrotating from a top to bottom or bottom to top type arrangement, the“carousel” could be manipulated in a left to right or right to left typeoperation. However, the carousel could also work in a top to bottom orbottom to top mode in landscape mode as well.

In this exemplary embodiment, when multi-application mode is enabled viabutton 2618, application C 3604 and application D 3608 can be displayed,separated by separator 3612. In accordance with this optional exemplaryembodiment, there are also one or more overflow applications behindapplication C 3604, here the overflow applications being 3424 and 3428.In a similar manner, there can be one or more overflow applicationsbehind application D 3608, here application 3416 and application 3420.In this particular exemplary embodiment, the back and menu buttons 3432can be enabled with a portion of the desktop 3436 being viewable behindthe application stack. Upon receipt of one or more input gestures, suchas gesture 3440, a user can scroll through the “carousel” ofapplications, in this instance, relocating application D 3608 toapplication C 3604's position, and thereby revealing application 3416.In addition, the focus indicator can be displayed near the applicationthat is in focus. In this particular example, focus indicator 3444 isdisplayed beside application D. In accordance with an optional exemplaryembodiment, instead of the stack “stopping” when the user reaches thelast application, such as application 3420 or application 3428, theapplications can be stacked in a circular manner, and continuouslyrotate in response to one or more input gestures by a user.

These concepts can be extended to the situation where the keyboard isalso displayed in the multiple application mode. For example, and asillustrated in FIG. 37, the keyboard 3704 is displayed below theapplication stack 3708. “Behind” the application stack 3708, areadditional applications 3712 and 3716 that the user can access via, forexample, initiation of gesture 3720. This exemplary embodiment has theapplications scroll in a carousel-like fashion into and out of view,with the keyboard 3704 remaining visible, for example, at the bottom ofdisplay 1010. As with the embodiment in FIG. 35, the back and menubuttons can be enabled and, for example, virtually displayed on thedisplay 1010 as illustrated by graphical button 3724.

The capabilities of SP 1000 can provide flexibility and versatility indisplay management by one or more of the display controller 544,framework 520, window management module 532, display configurationmodule 568, as well as middleware 520 and associated classes.

With reference to FIGS. 57A-E and 58A-C, the various display modes andorientations of the SP 1000 are depicted. SP 1000 has two tabletorientations, namely portrait and landscape) and two application modes,namely single and dual. The differing combinations of orientations anddisplay modes are discussed below.

FIG. 57A (5700) depicts the portrait single application mode in which SP1000 is in portrait orientation and single application mode.Single-display applications within SP 1000 are in portrait orientationand occupy substantially the entire application area.

FIG. 57B (5704) depicts the portrait dual application mode in which SP1000 is in portrait orientation and dual application mode. The separateviews 5702 and 5706 of single-display applications within SP 1000 areeach in landscape orientation while the composite display and SP 1000are also in landscape orientation.

FIG. 57C (5708) depicts the landscape single application mode in whichSP 1000 is in landscape orientation and single application (or max)mode. The view of the single-display application within SP 1000 and theSP 1000 are each in landscape orientation.

FIG. 57D (5712) depicts landscape dual application mode in which SP 1000is in landscape orientation and dual application mode. The separateviews 5702 and 5706 of single-display applications within SP 1000 areeach in portrait orientation while the composite display and SP 1000 arein landscape orientation.

FIG. 57E (5716) depicts a portrait multi-display application in whichthe application display of SP 1000 is presented in its portrait maxmode.

FIG. 58A (5800) depicts a multi-display application in which SP 1000 isin portrait orientation and the separate views 5802 and 5806 ofmulti-display applications within SP 1000 are each in landscapeorientation (the view spanning across the entire screen) while thecomposite display and SP 1000 are in portrait orientation (when thewindows or other displayed objects are maximized). When minimized, thewindows or other displayed objects of the multi-display applications arepresented in landscape orientation (the view not spanning across theentire screen).

FIG. 58B (5804) depicts a landscape multi-display applications in whichapplication display of SP 1000 is presented in its landscape max mode.

Finally, FIG. 58C (5808) depicts a multi-display applications in whichSP 1000 is in landscape orientation and the separate views 5802 and 5806of multi-display applications within SP 1000 are each in portraitorientation (the view spanning across the entire screen) while thecomposite display and SP 1000 are in landscape orientation (when thewindows or other displayed objects are maximized). When minimized, thewindows or other displayed objects of the multi-display applications arepresented in portrait orientation (the view not spanning across theentire screen).

The rules for seam 5520 use depend on a number of factors. When SP 1000is in dual-application mode with windows or displayed objects from twoseparate applications in view, the seam 5520 is displayed in a centralportion of the composite display and spans the entire height of thescreen and/or composite display. The seam 5520 is also used to as a mainindication of focus. The seam 5520 is also displayed when a window ordisplayed object from only one application is displayed along with adesktop. When the SP 1000 is in single-application mode, and a non-maxmode-capable multi-display application is displayed, no seam 5520 isshown. Instead, one view is laid out across the entire display. When theSP 1000 is in single-application mode, and a max mode-capableapplication is displayed, the seam 5520 separates the views of thecomposite display. The seam generally can be placed anywhere between 25%and 75% of the composite display's width (relative to its portrait orlandscape orientation), extends the entire height of the compositedisplay (relative to its portrait or landscape orientation), and mayeven be omitted completely. When the desktop is revealed or noapplications are executing, the seam 5520 is not displayed.

SP 1000 can allow switching between single and dual application modes.FIG. 59A (5900) depicts SP 1000 in dual-application mode, with twosingle-display applications visible as views 5902 and 5906. Uponswitching to single-application mode, the application in focus remainsvisible in full screen view (FIG. 59B (5904)). Upon switching back todual-application mode, the visible application returns to its originalview and optionally is placed on the left/bottom part of the SP screen(FIG. 59C (5908)). As shown in FIGS. 59D-F (5912, 5916, and 5920) theseparately displayed views 5924 and 5928 of a multi-display applicationbehave in a similar manner except that the selected window 5924 entersthe max mode. SP provides the user with a clear indication of thecurrent application mode (dual or single) through an icon in theenunciator bar. Switching SP 1000 between single and dual modes issimilar in nature to the opening and closing of the communication device100; however in contrast to the behavior on the communication device100, the application in focus remains on screen before and after themode is switched. For example, when the keyboard is present whenswitching modes, the keyboard will remain visible when the transition isover.

With reference to FIGS. 55A-F, toggling a first application view 5502into max mode is depicted. With reference to FIG. 55A (5500), first andsecond application views 5502 and 5506 in dual application portraitorientation are depicted. The first and second application views 5502and 5506 in a composite display are divided by seam 5520. As noted, aseam 5520, or application display divider, visually separates thedifferent application views in the composite display, such as when theSP 1000 is in dual-application mode and a multi-display application ismaximized across the display.

When an application, such as the first application, supports max mode,it typically has a max mode button on the action bar (discussed below).When the max mode button is selected, the first application view 5502(e.g., application area) expands to fill both the entire display area ofthe SP 1000 (FIG. 55B (5504)) regardless of prior first or secondapplication state, and the seam 5520 disappears. When the firstapplication view 5502 is currently minimized, max mode will trigger anauto-maximization. Any non-application area elements are hidden. Hiddenelements include menus, tabs, action bar, notification bar, and othernormally persistent controls.

When max mode is dismissed, the first and second application views 5502and 5506 are restored (FIG. 55C (5508)). The application state isremembered when the max mode is toggled on and off, whereby a minimizedapplication will return to its minimized state when the max mode isexited. As shown by FIGS. 55D-F (5512, 5516, and 5520 respectively), thesame rules apply when the second application view 5506 is selected andwhen the second application view is max-mode capable.

FIGS. 49-52 depict the parent-child node structure used in variousconfigurations of the communication device and SP. With reference toFIG. 49, a parent node 4900 has multiple first, second, . . . nth childnodes 4904 a-n. In one application, the nodes correspond to documents orother displayed information. For example, a user selects a first linkcontained in a web page. The web page is designated as the parent node4900 and parent web page, and the first web page corresponding to thefirst link is the first child node 4904 a or first child view. Thisassociation is associated by a suitable mechanism, such as a link, anembedded identifier of one node in the other node's identificationstring, and other mechanisms known to one of ordinary skill in the art.The user then selects a second link contained in the parent web page.The second web page corresponding to the second link is the second childnode 4904 b or the second child view. This association is tracked asnoted. If the user then selects a third link in the first web pagecorresponding to the first child node 4904 a, the first web page becomesa parent node and parent view to a third web page (not shown)corresponding to the third link, and the third web page the third childnode or child view to the first web page. This association is tracked asnoted.

The same principles generally apply to lower tiers. Thus, if the userwere to select a fourth link in the first child view, a fourth web pagecorresponding to the fourth link is a child node or view of the firstchild view. In other words relative to the fourth child view, the firstchild view is the parent and the parent view is the grandparent. If theuser were to select a fifth link in the fourth child view, a fifth webpage corresponding to the fifth link is a child node or view of thefourth child view. In other words relative to the fifth child view, thefourth child view is the parent, the first child view is the grandparentand the parent view is the great grandparent. These association istracked as noted and used for state tracking to enable user navigationthrough the various views.

When the SP 1000 is in dual display orientation (with the seam beingdisplayed to form a composite display), the separate views correspondingto child nodes are displayed in separate windows of the compositedisplay. As shown in FIG. 50, the parent view corresponding to theparent node is displayed in a first view of the composite display, andthe first and second child views corresponding to the first and secondchild nodes are displayed simultaneously in the other view of thecomposite display. FIG. 50 depicts a parent view 5000 in a first view5004 of the composite display and first, second, and third child views5008 a-c to the parent view 5000 (meaning that the child views wereselected from differing links in the common parent view 5000) aredisplayed simultaneously in the second view 5012 of the compositedisplay.

Now turning to FIG. 51, the user closes or minimizes the parent view5000, and the first child view 5008 a moves to the first view 5004 whilethe second and third child views 5008 b-c are displayed simultaneouslyin separate windows in the second view 5012 of the composite display.

No turning to FIG. 52, the user closes or minimizes the first child view5008 a, and the second child view 5008 b moves to the first view 5004while the third child view 5008 c is displayed in the second view 5012of the composite display.

A user can use an on-focus feature to move between displays or screenswhile in dual display mode for a single multi-display application. Whenthe user reaches the split region, or seam, between the views, theon-focus position will move to the first selectable user interfaceelement closest to the top left position of that screen or display.Selectable user interface elements include tabs and sub tabs, buttonsand split buttons, header elements and avatars, drop down menus, listitems such as contact lists, email lists, and bookmarks, action menus,form elements such as text fields, search fields, radio buttons andcheck boxes, etc., modals, the triad, and application icons. Theon-focus feature will not allow users to switch between applications(i.e., two running apps in single mode), navigate other applications notin view, or switch between an application and a desktop.

With reference to FIGS. 56A-D, a multi-display application has first andsecond child windows 5602 and 5606. In FIG. 56A (5600), the SP 1000 isin dual-display mode, each view of a composite display having arespective one of the first and second child views 5602 and 5606. Theuser has selected the first child view 5602 which expands to occupy theentire screen or displayable area (FIG. 56B (5604)). The user againselects the second child view 5606, which is restored to the originaldisplay portion, which has been enlarged by movement of the seam 5520 tothe left, thereby decreasing the size of the first child view 5602 (FIG.56C (5608)). The converse is possible. The user can select the secondchild view 5606, which is restored to the original display portion,which has been decreased by movement of the seam 5520 to the right,thereby increasing the size of the first child view 5602 (FIG. 56D(5612)).

The behavior of multi-display applications will now be discussed withreference to FIGS. 56E-J. Multi-display applications that are notmaximized in dual-application mode go to the max mode when SP1000switches to the single application mode (if supported). When SP 1000switches to single application mode (if supported), the view associatedwith the multi-display application expands to max mode across the entireSP screen. When switching back, the multi-display application returns toits non-maximized state (e.g., minimized state). FIG. 56E (5640) depictsSP 1000 as having two views (1.1 and 2.2) for different applications,with view 1.1 being from a multi-display application. SP 1000 thenswitches to single application mode, and the view 1.1 associated withthe multi-display application expands across the SP screen in max mode(FIG. 56F (5644)). When switching back, the multi-display applicationview 1.1 returns to a non-maximized state (FIG. 56G (5648)).

Multi-display applications that do not support a max mode will have oneof their views treated as being in single application mode when thetablet is switched to single application mode. FIG. 56E (5640) depictsSP 1000 as having two views (2.1 and 2.2) for a common multi-displayapplication. SP 1000 then switches to single application mode, and theview 2.1 associated with the multi-display application expands acrossthe SP screen (FIG. 56F (5644)). The view 2.1, however, is not in maxmode. When switching back, the multi-display application views return toa non-maximized state (FIG. 56G (5648)).

A multi-display application that is maximized in dual-application modewill go to its max mode when SP switches to single application mode.FIG. 56H (5652) depicts SP 1000 as having two views (2.1 and 2.2) for acommon multi-display application. SP 1000 then switches to singleapplication mode, and the view 2.1 associated with the multi-displayapplication expands across the SP screen (FIG. 561 (5656)). The view2.1, however, is not in max mode. When switching back, the multi-displayapplication views return to a non-maximized state (FIG. 56J (5648)).

A multi-display application that is maximized in dual-application modewill go to its max mode when SP 1000 switches to single applicationmode. When switching back to dual-application mode, the multi-displayapplication returns to its maximized state, which is typically a fullscreen state.

Variations of the above can occur when a desktop is visible indual-application mode. FIG. 56K (5660) depicts a view 1 from a single-or multi-display application and a second view D2 from a desktop. Uponswitching to single-application mode, the application in focus, or view1, remains visible (FIG. 56L (5664)). Upon switching back tomulti-application mode, the view 1 is placed on the left/bottom part ofSP screen or composite display (FIG. 56M (5668)).

When the desktop view D2 happens to have focus, as in FIG. 56N (5672),switching to single-application mode will make the visible application(view 1) take over the screen or composite display in single mode (FIG.560 (5676)). Upon switching back to multi-application mode, the view 1is placed on the left/bottom part of SP screen or composite display(FIG. 56P (5680)) (even if the desktop had focus before).

In dual application mode, the views 1 and 2 (FIG. 56Q (5684) from firstand second applications on the primary and secondary displays of thescreen or composite display are pushed in the direction of theirrespective stacks (primary display downwards and secondary displayupwards) to reveal underlying desktop views D1 and D2, as shown in FIG.56R (5688). In single application mode, the single mode application view1 (FIG. 56S (5692)) slides off screen in a single motion in thedirection of the physical buttons to review desktop view D1 (FIG. 56T(5696).

The configuration of a view of SP 1000 will now be discussed withreference to FIGS. 53 and 54. SP display 5300 typically includes headerarea 5304, application area 5308, and footer area 5312, which isdepicted as including user selectable action bar commands 5616 a-h.Header area 5304 and footer area 5312 can include tool bars, enunciatorbars, dashboard, notification bar, action region (e.g., tab bar, searchbar, etc.), single-/dual-application mode transition button, and fullscreen and/or max mode action bar and/or overlay button.

In one configuration, header bar command icons are dedicated toin-application nav-igation. At times, other fundamental actions may beplaced into the header bar, for example when an action bar cannot beused. The header bar is not scrolled off the view. For pannable list- orcanvas-based views the header bar can be tapped in order to scroll theview back to the top. Headers or action bars can include tabs. Tabs areused for creating subviews or to allow for filtering of content. Theinteraction for tabs is simple, a tap will select the tab and change theview accordingly.

Action bar commands 5616 a-h provide a user with frequently usedcommands and, of course, are defined by and therefore depend on theselected application. Examples of action bar commands 5616 a-h include,for an email application, user account access, move, compose, delete,print, refresh, rename, reply, folder management, toggle text, move,exit, edit, forward, replyall, settings, deselect all, select all,marked as read, marked as unread, and add folder; for atelecommunications application, conference, add pause, wait, addcontact, account access, search contacts, contact details, import tocontacts, export from contacts, instant message text, call, voice mail,access, edit contact, delete contact, share contact, and display option;for a browser, back in search string, forward in search string, mobileweb, full screen, find, print, share, full web, book mark, delete, viewlist, cancel download, and exit; for gallery, delete, share, slide show,new album, move, settings, rename, edit image, image details, cropimage, rotate view left, rotate view right, and exit; for messaging,compose, delete, settings, compose options, and menu search; forelectronic calendar, add event, edit event, settings, and today; and formusic, search, play all songs, search other, delete, new play list,start play list, other sources, edit play list, play all artists, edit,save as playlist, shuffle, cancel, clear track list, and play allalbums. Each action bar command 5616 a-h has a corresponding icon andlabel.

Action bars commands 5616 a-h are scalable in width to accommodate SPlayouts, such as portrait and landscape views. The action bar 5312 istypically made up of two or more rows of action bar commands 5616 a-h,with one row being the primary row and the other rows being thesecondary row(s). Within the primary and secondary bars are rows thatcontain the action icons and the icon labels. Although any number may beused, the number of icons and labels per row generally range from 1 to 5with 4 being preferred. The horizontal dimension of the button and labelequals the width of the view divided by the number of buttons and labelsrequired. Icons and labels are vertically and horizontally centeredwithin their respective regions using the indicated dimensions, sp sizeand padding. The action bar is consistent across portrait and landscapeSP orientations.

When the action bar 5312 contains two or more rows of commands 5616 a-h,the bar can be expanded and collapsed to reveal and hide the secondarybar(s), respectively. When more than a threshold number of commands areneeded, the overflow mode is entered and an overflow modal or “more”action bar command is accessible from the bar. In other words, theoverflow modal is linked to the hidden action bar commands, such as in asecondary row. Activating the more command can present a modeless listfor accessing the overflow action bar commands. The action bar is hiddenin the process

When an application that contains an action bar is launched, the bar isrevealed as part of the launching animation. The bar may contain onlyone row of commands. Upon expansion, the labels for the commands areshown. In one configuration, an extended action bar can be collapsed bypressing the menu hardware key again. Initiating an action on the barcollapses the bar afterwards. In addition, any action that is notdirectly related to interacting with the bar also collapses the bar.Examples include view changes, or interaction with elements on thecurrent view. Pressing the hardware back-button collapses the bar.

As shown in FIG. 54, differing numbers of action bar commands andprimary and secondary action bar configurations are possible. In thedepicted configuration, SP display 5400 includes first, second, thirdand fourth action bar commands 5616 a-d in the primary bar and onlyfifth and sixth action bar commands in the secondary bar. The action barcommand icons in the primary bar are formatted differently, ordifferently sized, than those in the secondary bar. The opposite canalso be true.

Once an edit mode has been entered by selection of an “edit” action barcommand 5616, the action bar transforms into an edit bar, which can haveone or more rows of command icons like the action bar. Despite thedifference in naming, the edit bar behaves very similarly to the actionbar. Like the action bar, the edit bar expands by default and is notcollapsed automatically but only by pressing the hardware menu button.The edit mode is exited via an exit-button, generally placed as theright-most action bar command 5616 in the bar, or by pressing thehardware back-button. When the edit mode is exited, the edit bar ishidden automatically. When a number of edit commands exceeds a selectedthreshold or an overflow mode is entered, a command in the list of editcommands becomes a “more” command that opens up a modal containing allthe extra commands. Activating the more command presents a modeless listfor accessing the overflow edit commands. The action bar is hidden inthe process.

A number of rules apply to action bar configurations in differing SPdisplay configurations. Two single-display applications in dual screenportrait orientation contain their individual action bars. Uponactivating the hardware menu button, the application that has focusexpands its action bar. The action bar of the other application isunaffected. An application in max mode (utilizing both screens ordisplays) can contain action bars for individual views. When the actionbar is maximized and minimized using the menu hardware button, bothaction bars are affected. In some cases, commands are duplicated when anapplication is maximized (a command that appears on both the parent andchild action bars is duplicated when the views are displayedsimultaneously). In these cases, the action bar commands need to berevised for the affected dual-screen views. For two single-displayaction bars from the same application (but from different views withinthat application), the two commands are repeated across the bars. Whenmaximized into a dual-screen application, the combined action bar omitsthe duplicate commands; the layout of the combined bar is determined ona view-by-view basis. When primary action bar is in “normal mode”, itgenerally only shows a portion, typically about 70%, of the top part ofthe primary bar. When the secondary action bar is expanded in “fullmode”, it generally shows fully both the primary and secondary bars. Theaction bar command icon width is commonly the number of action barcommand icons to be displayed in the row divided by the actual width ofthe screen.

In another embodiment, setting screens are employed. In the system,there are two ways to call up setting-screens, namely from within anapplication and via the settings-application provided by the system.Depending on where a setting-screen was launched from, the visuallook-and-feel and the interaction model for the view changes.Settings-screens launched from within applications are usually treatedas full-screen modals launched on top of the parent application. Whenthe application is maximized, setting-views are generally presented onone side of the application. Setting views can contain several levels ofviews, similar to multi-node parent-child structured applications. Inthese cases, a header bar contains a return-arrow for going back up inthe view structure and the action bar contains a command to dismiss themodal.

FIG. 38 outlines an exemplary method for docking the device 100 with thesmartpad 1000. In particular, control begins in step S3802 and continuesto step S3804. In step S3804 the insertion of the device into the SP isdetected. Next, in step S3806, power management can optionally begin.For example, and as discussed, the SP can be used as a power source forthe device, the device can be used as a power source for the SP, powercan be shared between the two devices and/or the SP can be plugged in,via for example, an AC adaptor, which is capable of charging one or moreof the SP and the device 100. Then, in step S3808, the display of thedevice 100 is optionally turned off to, for example, conserve power.Control then continues to step S3810. In step S3810, communicationand/or connectivity are established between the device 100 and the SP.Next, in step S3812, display and other input/output functions on the SPare enabled. Then, in step S3814, the device software settings aremapped to the smartpad hardware settings. Control then continues to stepS3816.

In step S3816, the screen orientation of the device is automaticallyaligned to the orientation of the SP. Next, in step S3818, the lastapplication in focus on the device remains in focus and is displayed onthe SP. Normal operation and interaction with the SP then continuesutilizing, for example, the same gestures as are usable with the device100. Control then continues to step S3820 where the control sequenceends.

FIG. 39 illustrates an exemplary method of application/displayorientation/reorientation. In particular, control begins in step S3900and continues to step S3902. In step S3902, the orientation of the SP isdetected. Next, in step S3904, the application orientation on the deviceis detected. Then, in step S3906, one or more displayed applications arereoriented to be in the same orientation as the SP. In addition, andbased on the need for reorientation, a re-drawing or re-sizing of theapplication can also occur with the application(s) being displayed onthe SP. Control then continues to step S3908 where the control sequenceends.

FIG. 40 outlines an exemplary method for managing the keyboard. Inparticular, control begins in step S4000 and continues to step S4002. Instep S4002, determination is made as to whether a keyboard request hasbeen detected. If a keyboard request has not been detected, controljumps back to step S4000 with control otherwise continuing to stepS4004. In step S4004, a determination is made as to the orientation ofthe SP. If the SP is in the landscape orientation, control jumps to stepS4010 with control otherwise continuing to step S4006 with the SP beingin the portrait orientation. In step S4006, the keyboard is displayed inthe portrait mode.

Next, in step S4008, a determination is made as to whether there hasbeen an orientation change. If there has been an orientation change,control jumps to step S4010 with control otherwise continuing to stepS4014.

In step S4010, the keyboard is displayed in the landscape mode. Next, instep S4012, a determination is made as to whether there has been achange in orientation of the SP. If there has been a change in theorientation, control jumps to step S4006 with control otherwisecontinuing to S4014.

In step S4014, a determination is made as to whether the keyboard shouldbe hidden. If the keyboard should be hidden, control continues to stepS4016 with control otherwise continuing back to step S4004.

In step S4016, the keyboard is hidden with control continuing to stepS4018 where the control sequence ends.

FIG. 41 illustrates an exemplary method for window management. Inparticular, control begins in step S4100 and continues to step S4102. Instep S4102 a gesture is detected. As will be appreciated, and similar tothe device 100, this gesture can be on the touch-sensitive display, in aconfigurable area, and/or in the gesture capture region(s). In stepS4104, gesture direction can also optionally be detected. Then, in stepS4106, the next application window can be brought into view, enabling,for example, a user to scroll through application window stack. Adetermination is then made as to whether another gesture has beendetected. If another gesture has been detected, control jumps back tostep S4104 with control otherwise continuing to step S4110.

FIG. 42 outlines an exemplary method for screen management. Inparticular, control begins in step S4200 and continues to step S4202. Instep S4202, multiple application mode is enabled via, for example,selection of a button or toggle. Next, in step S4204, a user isoptionally prompted to select which applications will be displayed. Inan alternative embodiment, two adjacent applications in the stack aredisplayed, with one of the applications being the application that iscurrently in focus. Then, in step S4206, the screen is split with thefirst portion of the screen displaying a first application and a secondportion of the screen displaying a second application. Next, in S4208,the application that was detected to be in focus is then highlighted onthe SP in step S4210. Control then continues to step S4212.

In step S4212, a determination is made as to whether a new applicationhas been brought into focus. If a new application has been brought intofocus, control jumps back to step S4210 where that application ishighlighted with an “in-focus” indicator. Otherwise, control continuesto step S4214 where the control sequence ends.

FIG. 43 outlines an exemplary method for windows management. Inparticular, control begins in step S4300 and continues to step S4302. Instep S4302, a determination is made as to whether the application can bemaximized. Next, in step S4304, if the application is maximizable,control jumps to step S4306 where the application is expanded to eitherthe dual screen mode or the max mode. Control then continues to stepS4308 where the control sequence ends.

FIG. 44 outlines an exemplary method for transitioning from anapplication window to the desktop. In particular, control begins in stepS4400 and continues to step S4402. In step S4402, the last applicationin the application window stack is detected. Next, in step S4404, agesture is detected, the gesture requesting a “next” window, however thecurrent window is the last application in the window stack. In thisscenario, in step S4406, the desktop is displayed in that there are nofurther windows to display in the application window stack. Control thencontinues to step S4408 where the control sequence ends.

FIG. 45 illustrates an exemplary method of emulating the multi-screendisplay of the device 100 on the SP1000. As will be appreciated, amulti-screen application on the device 100 transforms to a multi-displayapplication on the SP 1000; that is, output of a multi-screenapplication that occupies the primary and secondary screens of thedevice 100 is converted or transformed to output that occupies thevirtual and/or logical primary and secondary displays of the SP 1000separated by a virtual and/or logical seam 5520.

Control beings in step S4500 and continues to step S4502. In step S4502,the desktop is displayed on the SP. Next, in step S4504, the desktop islogically divided on the SP into, for example, two sections. Then instep S4506, a first screen of the desktop is displayed in a firstlogical portion of the SP display. Then, in step S4508, a second screenof the desktop is displayed in a second logical portion of the SPdisplay. Control then continues to step S4510.

In step S4510, carousel movement of the “panels” shown in the displaycan be initiated through user input, such as a gesture. Control thencontinues to step S4512 where the control sequence ends.

FIG. 46 outlines an exemplary method of displaying multiple “panels” ofthe desktop on the SP. In particular, control begins in step S4600 andcontinues to step S4602. In step S4602, a portion of the desktop isdisplayed on the SP. Next, in step S4604, the desktop is logicallydivided on the smartpad to accommodate multiple desktop “panels.” Then,in step S4608, the first screen or panel of the desktop is displayed inone logical portion of the SP display. Then, in step S4610, a secondscreen or panel of the desktop is displayed bridging a first and asecond logical portion of the SP display. Then, a third screen or panelof the desktop is displayed in the second logical portion of the SPdisplay. Control then continues to step S4614.

In step S4614 carousel movement of the panels can be affected by, forexample, an input of a gesture by the user. Control then continues tostep S4616 where the control sequence ends.

FIG. 47 outlines an exemplary method of displaying one or more portionsof the desktop. In particular, control begins in step S4700 andcontinues to step S4702. In step S4702, an access request to the desktopis detected. Next, in step S4704, at least one desktop panel isdisplayed. Then, in step S4706, at least one additional desktop panel ispartially displayed on the desktop. Control then continues to stepS4708.

In step S4708, and upon detection of a gesture, the partially displayedpanel can be completely displayed on the display of the SP. Control thencontinues to step S4710 where the control sequence ends.

FIG. 48 outlines an exemplary method of windows management in multipleapplication mode. In particular, control begins in step S4800 andcontinues to step S4802. In step S4802, multiple application mode isentered. Next, in step S4804, the windows stack is arranged with one ormore applications being partially visible behind a first application.Next, in step S4806, the stack can be arranged with one or moreapplications also partially being visible behind a second application.Then, in step S4808, and upon receiving an input gesture from a user,carousel-like scrolling can be enabled through the stack until the endof the stack is reached, or in a second embodiment, the stack can have a“circular” arrangement where continuous scrolling through the stack ispossible. Control then continues to step S4810 where the controlsequence ends.

FIG. 60 depicts an exemplary method of selecting a particular displayconfiguration. In particular, control begins in step S6000 and, when astimulus is detected, continues to step S6004. Stimuli include usercommand, change in currently executing application requirements andcapabilities, change in currently executing number of applications,change in device orientation, and max mode enabled or disabled. In stepS6004, the microprocessor determines a current (or post-stimulus) stateof the device, including a number of screens (e.g., whether one ormultiple screens), an application mode (e.g., single- or multi-screenapplication, and single- or multi-display application), currentlyexecuting application types, requirements, and capabilities, max modecurrently enabled or disabled, and current device orientation (e.g.,portrait or landscape). Using the device state, the microprocessor, instep S6008, selects a display configuration. The display configurationsand rules used for display configuration selection are set forth above.Display configurations, for example, include minimized or maximizedview, max mode view, multi- or single-screen composite display, and thelike.

The exemplary systems and methods of this disclosure have been describedin relation to a smartpad and interaction with the device. However, toavoid unnecessarily obscuring the present disclosure, the precedingdescription omits a number of known structures and devices. Thisomission is not to be construed as a limitation of the scopes of theclaims. Specific details are set forth to provide an understanding ofthe present disclosure. It should however be appreciated that thepresent disclosure may be practiced in a variety of ways beyond thespecific detail set forth herein.

For example, the smartpad could have multiple physical and/or logicalscreens/displays. Additionally, the smartpad could be used with one ormore input devices such as a stylus, mouse, or the like. Moreover, thesmartpad could be populated with a processor, memory, communicationsmeans and the like that would allow for stand-alone operation. Evenfurther, the smartpad could be associated or docked with other types ofcommunications devices such as a smartphone such that the smartpad couldbe used as a display and/or I/O interface therefore.

Furthermore, while the exemplary aspects, embodiments, and/orconfigurations illustrated herein show the various components of thesystem collocated, certain components of the system can be locatedremotely, at distant portions of a distributed network, such as a LANand/or the Internet, or within a dedicated system. Thus, it should beappreciated, that the components of the system can be combined in to oneor more devices, such as a tablet-like device, or collocated on aparticular node of a distributed network, such as an analog and/ordigital telecommunications network, a packet-switch network, or acircuit-switched network. It will be appreciated from the precedingdescription, and for reasons of computational efficiency, that thecomponents of the system can be arranged at any location within adistributed network of components without affecting the operation of thesystem. For example, the various components can be located in a switchsuch as a PBX and media server, gateway, in one or more communicationsdevices, at one or more users' premises, or some combination thereof.Similarly, one or more functional portions of the system could bedistributed between a telecommunications device(s) and an associatedcomputing device.

Furthermore, it should be appreciated that the various links connectingthe elements can be wired or wireless links, or any combination thereof,or any other known or later developed element(s) that is capable ofsupplying and/or communicating data to and from the connected elements.These wired or wireless links can also be secure links and may becapable of communicating encrypted information. Transmission media usedas links, for example, can be any suitable carrier for electricalsignals, including coaxial cables, copper wire and fiber optics, and maytake the form of acoustic or light waves, such as those generated duringradio-wave and infra-red data communications.

Also, while the flowcharts have been discussed and illustrated inrelation to a particular sequence of events, it should be appreciatedthat changes, additions, and omissions to this sequence can occurwithout materially affecting the operation of the disclosed embodiments,configuration, and aspects.

In yet another embodiment, the systems and methods of this disclosurecan be implemented in conjunction with a special purpose computer, aprogrammed microprocessor or microcontroller and peripheral integratedcircuit element(s), an ASIC or other integrated circuit, a digitalsignal processor, a hard-wired electronic or logic circuit such asdiscrete element circuit, a programmable logic device or gate array suchas PLD, PLA, FPGA, PAL, special purpose computer, any comparable means,or the like. In general, any device(s) or means capable of implementingthe methodology illustrated herein can be used to implement the variousaspects of this disclosure. Exemplary hardware that can be used for thedisclosed embodiments, configurations and aspects includes computers,handheld devices, telephones (e.g., cellular, Internet enabled, digital,analog, hybrids, and others), and other hardware known in the art. Someof these devices include processors (e.g., a single or multiplemicroprocessors), memory, nonvolatile storage, input devices, and outputdevices. Furthermore, alternative software implementations including,but not limited to, distributed processing or component/objectdistributed processing, parallel processing, or virtual machineprocessing can also be constructed to implement the methods describedherein.

In yet another embodiment, the disclosed methods may be readilyimplemented in conjunction with software using object or object-orientedsoftware development environments that provide portable source code thatcan be used on a variety of computer or workstation platforms.Alternatively, the disclosed system may be implemented partially orfully in hardware using standard logic circuits or VLSI design. Whethersoftware or hardware is used to implement the systems in accordance withthis disclosure is dependent on the speed and/or efficiency requirementsof the system, the particular function, and the particular software orhardware systems or microprocessor or microcomputer systems beingutilized.

In yet another embodiment, the disclosed methods may be partiallyimplemented in software that can be stored on a storage medium, executedon programmed general-purpose computer with the cooperation of acontroller and memory, a special purpose computer, a microprocessor, orthe like. In these instances, the systems and methods of this disclosurecan be implemented as program embedded on personal computer such as anapplet, JAVA® or CGI script, as a resource residing on a server orcomputer workstation, as a routine embedded in a dedicated measurementsystem, system component, or the like. The system can also beimplemented by physically incorporating the system and/or method into asoftware and/or hardware system.

Although the present disclosure describes components and functionsimplemented in the aspects, embodiments, and/or configurations withreference to particular standards and protocols, the aspects,embodiments, and/or configurations are not limited to such standards andprotocols. Other similar standards and protocols not mentioned hereinare in existence and are considered to be included in the presentdisclosure. Moreover, the standards and protocols mentioned herein andother similar standards and protocols not mentioned herein areperiodically superseded by faster or more effective equivalents havingessentially the same functions. Such replacement standards and protocolshaving the same functions are considered equivalents included in thepresent disclosure.

The present disclosure, in various aspects, embodiments, and/orconfigurations, includes components, methods, processes, systems and/orapparatus substantially as depicted and described herein, includingvarious aspects, embodiments, configurations embodiments,subcombinations, and/or subsets thereof. Those of skill in the art willunderstand how to make and use the disclosed aspects, embodiments,and/or configurations after understanding the present disclosure. Thepresent disclosure, in various aspects, embodiments, and/orconfigurations, includes providing devices and processes in the absenceof items not depicted and/or described herein or in various aspects,embodiments, and/or configurations hereof, including in the absence ofsuch items as may have been used in previous devices or processes, e.g.,for improving performance, achieving ease and\or reducing cost ofimplementation.

The foregoing discussion has been presented for purposes of illustrationand description. The foregoing is not intended to limit the disclosureto the form or forms disclosed herein. In the foregoing DetailedDescription for example, various features of the disclosure are groupedtogether in one or more aspects, embodiments, and/or configurations forthe purpose of streamlining the disclosure. The features of the aspects,embodiments, and/or configurations of the disclosure may be combined inalternate aspects, embodiments, and/or configurations other than thosediscussed above. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted asreflecting an intention that the claims require more features than areexpressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claimsreflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a singleforegoing disclosed aspect, embodiment, and/or configuration. Thus, thefollowing claims are hereby incorporated into this Detailed Description,with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodimentof the disclosure.

Moreover, though the description has included description of one or moreaspects, embodiments, and/or configurations and certain variations andmodifications, other variations, combinations, and modifications arewithin the scope of the disclosure, e.g., as may be within the skill andknowledge of those in the art, after understanding the presentdisclosure. It is intended to obtain rights which include alternativeaspects, embodiments, and/or configurations to the extent permitted,including alternate, interchangeable and/or equivalent structures,functions, ranges or steps to those claimed, whether or not suchalternate, interchangeable and/or equivalent structures, functions,ranges or steps are disclosed herein, and without intending to publiclydedicate any patentable subject matter.

1. A smartpad, comprising: a microprocessor; a memory operable to storesoftware; and a screen comprising; a display; and a gesture capturearea; wherein the screen is configured to operate in at least thefollowing modes: a portrait single application mode, wherein the screenis in a portrait orientation and only one application is currentlyproviding a maximized view, in portrait, for the display; a portraitmulti-application mode, wherein the screen is in a portrait orientationand a plurality of applications are currently providing a maximizedview, in landscape, for the display; a landscape single applicationmode, wherein the screen is in a landscape orientation and only oneapplication is currently providing a maximized view, in landscape, forthe display; and a landscape multi-application mode, wherein the screenis in a portrait orientation and a plurality of applications arecurrently providing a maximized view, in portrait, for the display. 2.The smartpad of claim 1, wherein, in portrait or landscape singleapplication mode, a single-display or multi-display application iscapable of providing a max view, wherein canvas-based content fillssubstantially the entire display and wherein non-canvas display elementsare hidden, and wherein, in portrait or landscape dual application mode,the single-display or multi-display application is not capable ofproviding a max view.
 3. The smartpad of claim 2, wherein the followingrules are applied: when the screen is in the portrait or landscapesingle application mode, a launched application launches in max mode;when an application is in max mode, the application provides a max viewto substantially the entire display regardless of whether theapplication was maximized or minimized immediately prior to entering themax mode; when an application exits the max mode, the view of theapplication is maximized.
 4. The smartpad of claim 1, wherein, when thescreen is in portrait or landscape dual application mode, a seam extendsacross the display to separate the display into first and second logicaldisplays, the first logical display being for a first view of a firstapplication and the second logical display being for a second view of asecond application and wherein the first and second logical displays arelogically independent of one another and wherein, when the screen is inportrait or landscape single application mode, the display is free of aseam.
 5. The smartpad of claim 1, wherein a selected application is infocus when a user switches from one of the portrait and landscape singleapplication modes to the portrait and landscape multi-application modesand wherein a view of the selected application is displayed both beforeand after the switch.
 6. The smartpad of claim 1, wherein a parent viewhas first and second child views, the first and second child views beingselected from links in the parent view, wherein the display comprisesfirst and second logical displays, wherein the parent view is displayedin the first logical display, wherein the first and second child viewsare displayed simultaneously in the second logical display, and wherein,an order in which the first and second child views are opened is used todetermine which of the first and second child views is moved to thefirst logical display when the parent view is closed or minimized. 7.The smartpad of claim 1, wherein a view displayed by the displaycomprises an action bar comprising plural action bar commands, eachcommand having a corresponding icon and label, wherein the action barcomprises a primary and secondary row, the secondary row, but not theprimary row, being hidden header when the primary row is collapsed andrevealed when the primary row is expanded.
 8. The smartpad of claim 7,wherein the following rule is applied for action bars: first and secondaction bars for first and second applications are revealed when thescreen is in portrait or landscape dual application mode.
 9. Thesmartpad of claim 1, wherein a settings screen launched from within anapplication is treated as a full-screen modal launched on top of theapplication.
 10. A method comprising: providing a communication devicecomprising a microprocessor, a memory operable to store software, and ascreen comprising a display and gesture capture area; operating thecommunication device in at least the following modes: a portrait singleapplication mode, wherein the screen is in a portrait orientation andonly one application is currently providing a maximized view, inportrait, for the display; a portrait multi-application mode, whereinthe screen is in a portrait orientation and a plurality of applicationsare currently providing a maximized view, in landscape, for the display;a landscape single application mode, wherein the screen is in alandscape orientation and only one application is currently providing amaximized view, in landscape, for the display; and a landscapemulti-application mode, wherein the screen is in a portrait orientationand a plurality of applications are currently providing a maximizedview, in portrait, for the display.
 11. The method of claim 10, wherein,in portrait or landscape single application mode, a single-display ormulti-display application is capable of providing a max view, whereincanvas-based content fills substantially the entire display and whereinnon-canvas display elements are hidden, and wherein, in portrait orlandscape dual application mode, the single-display or multi-displayapplication is not capable of providing a max view.
 12. The method ofclaim 11, wherein the following rules are applied: when the screen is inthe portrait or landscape single application mode, a launchedapplication launches in max mode; when an application is in max mode,the application provides a max view to substantially the entire displayregardless of whether the application was maximized or minimizedimmediately prior to entering the max mode; when an application exitsthe max mode, the view of the application is maximized.
 13. The methodof claim 10, wherein, when the screen is in portrait or landscape dualapplication mode, a seam extends across the display to separate thedisplay into first and second logical displays, the first logicaldisplay being for a first view of a first application and the secondlogical display being for a second view of a second application andwherein the first and second logical displays are logically independentof one another and wherein, when the screen is in portrait or landscapesingle application mode, the display is free of a seam.
 14. The methodof claim 10, wherein a selected application is in focus when a userswitches from one of the portrait and landscape single application modesto the portrait and landscape multi-application modes and wherein a viewof the selected application is displayed both before and after theswitch.
 15. The method of claim 10, wherein a parent view has first andsecond child views, the first and second child views being selected fromlinks in the parent view, wherein the display comprises first and secondlogical displays, wherein the parent view is displayed in the firstlogical display, wherein the first and second child views are displayedsimultaneously in the second logical display, and wherein, an order inwhich the first and second child views are opened is used to determinewhich of the first and second child views is moved to the first logicaldisplay when the parent view is closed or minimized.
 16. The method ofclaim 10, wherein a view displayed by the display comprises an actionbar comprising plural action bar commands, each command having acorresponding icon and label, wherein the action bar comprises a primaryand secondary row, the secondary row, but not the primary row, beinghidden header when the primary row is collapsed and revealed when theprimary row is expanded.
 17. The method of claim 16, wherein thefollowing rule is applied for action bars: first and second action barsfor first and second applications are revealed when the screen is inportrait or landscape dual application mode.
 18. The method of claim 10,wherein a settings screen launched from within an application is treatedas a full-screen modal launched on top of the application.
 19. Acomputer readable medium comprising a microprocessor readable computerreadable medium comprising microprocessor executable instructions toperform the steps of claim 10.